Drought resilience - Technical solutions

The list below are technical measures to increase the resilience of WASH systems.

Surface water: Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR)

• Infiltration ponds
• Contour trenches
• Bunds
• Gully plugs / check-dams
• Leaky dams
• Controlled flooding / irrigation
• Drip irrigation
• Well shafts & boreholes

Surface water: ground catchment & storage

• Natural rock catchment and Open water reservoir
• Natural or artificial ground catchment and Lined sub-surface tanks
• Natural ground catchment and Open water reservoir
• Catchment and storage dams

Surface water: other catchment & storage

• Rooftop rainwater harvesting
• Dew collection and storage
• Fog collection and storage

Shallow groundwater

• Traditional hand-dug wells
• Riverbed hand-dug wells
• Riverbed infiltration galleries
• Infiltration wells
• Spring water sources
• Groundwater - Sand_dam
• Controlled flooding / Spreading basins
• Subsurface harvesting systems