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==== '''''2.1 Lessons on ICZM from Bangladesh Delta plan''''' ====
'''The website of the Dutch Water Sector gives a good introduction to the Delta Plan: ''' The Delta Plan integrates planning from delta-related sectors and from all across the country to come to a holistic plan for the Bangladesh Delta. The Delta Plan will be grounded in a long-term vision of the Delta’s future. This long-term vision, combined with the use of scenarios, allows planning to be adaptive and dynamic by constantly taking into account uncertainties in future developments in e.g. climate change, socio-economic development, population growth and regional cooperation. The Delta Plan is more than just a one-time planning exercise and aims to provide the foundation for permanent delta governance in Bangladesh through the outlining of a delta framework.
Bangladesh is the largest delta of the world. Its rivers and floodplains, which make up 80% of the country, support life, livelihoods and the economy. Bangladesh is a rapidly developing country, envisaging to be a middle-income country in 2021. The country faces major inter-related delta challenges in water safety, food security and socio-economic development and is prone to natural calamities such as floods, cyclones, and droughts. There is already high pressure on the available land and water resources in the delta<ref>https://www.dutchwatersector.com/news/bangladesh-delta-plan-2100</ref>.
'''As stated Bangladesh is a large delta and faces many coastal issues. To create the Delta Plan adaptive delta management principles were applied. These principles are'''<ref>https://edepot.wur.nl/508029</ref>. '''1. # Holistic analysis of challenges and knowledge gaps in relation to multisectoral planning''' '''2. # Considering main external trends and drivers and related uncertainties''' '''3. # Connecting short term action / investments with long term vision and higher level policies''' '''4. # Elaborating alternative adaptation pathways (and checking for possible tipping points)''' '''5. # Avoiding over and under investment''' '''6. # Connecting public and private (investment) agenda’s''' '''7. # Developing institutional framework for the mainstreaming of the Bangladesh Delta plan'''
The principles of Adaptive Delta management directly apply to Integrated Coastal Zone Management. The use of a long term vision allows for a clear point on the horizon. Furthermore scenario-planning makes sure that different possibilities related to uncertainties are accounted for, making sure there are no over or under investments. Also to implement the Bangladesh Delta Plan capacity development was needed in several fields: The administrative capacity, connective and organization capacity, knowledge and learning capacity, funding capacity and natural system adaptive capacity. These principles were also applied to the Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Central Java project.
share and use a vulnerable sea with important economic and ecologic significance. The cooperation to keep this sea clean and sustainable has a long history (a ICZM Barcelona Convention was signed in 1995), but the signing of the Barcelona Protocol in 2008 was an important milestone as this protocol provides an uniform guideline on ICZM for all nations in
the Mediterranean.
[[File:Countries participating in Barcelona protocol.png|alt=Countries participating in the Barcelona Protocol|center|frame|Countries participating in the Barcelona Protocol]]
The ICZM Protocol is a legal document and the framework for international and national Actions Plans and Road Maps.
==== ''2.3 Province of Zeeland (The Netherlands)'' ====
The province of Zeeland has developed a vision on their coastal zone3zone<ref>https://www.zeeland.nl/ruimte/zeeuwse-kustvisie</ref>. This entails a strategy
for an integrated approach to planning in and management of the coastal zone, of Zeeland
in which all policies, sectors and to the highest possible extent, individual interests are
