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[[Image:wageningen small.png|right|100px|link=http://www.wageningenur.nl/en/wageningen-university.htm]]
===BackgroundLatar belakang===Soil erosion is the loss of fertile top soilErosi tanah adalah proses hilangnya kesuburan permukaan tanah. Soils in the tropics are often very sensitive to erosionKondisi tanah di daerah tropis umumnya sangat sensitif terhadap erosi, because there is much rainfall which washes the soil away from slopeskarena tingginya curah hujan yang menggerus tanah dari lereng bebatuan. Once the soil is lostKetika lapisan tanah hilang, it takes a long time to recovermembutuhkan waktu yang sangat lama untuk pulih kembali, and the fertility of eroded area will be reduced during this perioddan tingkat kesuburan kawasan yang terkena dampak erosi kana berkurang selama periode ini. It is difficult to produce good yields on very eroded soils and soil erosion should therefore be prevented as much as possibleSangat sulit untuk menghasilkan panen yang baik pada tanah yang terkena dampak erosi dan erosi tanah seharusnya bisa dicegah sebisa mungkin. In addition to the loss of fertile top soilMenambahkan tentang hilangnya kesuburan permukaan tanah, erosion also usually results in the loss of fertilisers and organic erosi juga menyebabkan hilangnya materialpupuk dan organik dalam tanah.
===GoalTujuan===* Maintain good soil fertilityMempertahankan tingkat kesuburan tanah* Prevent erosion of the topsoilMencegah erosi pada permukaan tanah* Limit the loss of fertilisersMembatasi hilangnya manfaat pupuk* Use water optimally Penggunaan air secara optimal
===StandardStandarisasi===
[[Image:oil-palm-3.9-figure24.png|thumb|right|200px|Figure 24: Terracing and legume cover crop establishment on steep slopes.]]
[[Image:oil-palm-3.9-figure25.png|thumb|right|200px|Figure 25: Silt pit]]
[[Image:oil-palm-3.9-figure26.png|thumb|right|200px|Figure 26: Oil palm platform (schematically) with the frond stack in light green]]
* 0—8Kemiringan lereng 0-8% slope: No conservation measures neededtidak membutuhkan penghitungan konservasi tanah* 9—15Kemiringan lereng 9-15% slope: Fronds are stacked along the contour line and silt pits are dug next to every other palmpelepah ditumpuk mengikuti garis kontur dan rorak digali di samping setiap pohon sawit* 16—25Kemiringan lereng 16-25% slope: Individual palm platforms are constructed around each palm platform pohon sawit tunggal dibangun mengelilingi setiap pohon * 26—40Kemiringan lereng 26-40% slope: Terraces are installed during plantation establishment instalasi terasering selama proses pembukaan lahan perkebunan (see lihat [http://akvopedia.org/sandbox/File:Oil-palm-3.9-figure24.png Figure Gambar 24])* Kemiringan lereng 40% slope or moreatau lebih: No oil palm is cultivatedtidak memungkinkan untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit* All soil conservation structures are correctly constructed and in good conditionSemua struktur konservasi tanah telah dibangun secara tepat dan dalam kondisi yang baik
===TimingWaktu pelaksanaan===* Fronds are stacked immediately after harvesting and after Pelepah ditumpuk sesegera mungkin setelah proses panen dan setelah proses corrective pruning, or just before the rainy seasonatau sesaat sebelum musim penghujan* Silt pits are constructed during the dry seasonRorak dibangun pada saat musim kering* Platforms are constructed during the dry seasonPlatform dibangun pada saat musim kering
===FrequencyFrekuensi===* Fronds are stacked twice per year and after every harvesting roundPelepah ditumpuk 2 kali dalam setahun dan setiap setelah musim panen* Silt pits are established onceRorak dibentuk sekali, at the start of the rehabilitation processpada saat permulaan proses rehabilitasi, and maintained yearlydengan proses pemeliharaan tahunan* Platforms are established oncePlatform hanya dibentuk sekali, at the start of the rehabilitation processpada saat permulaan proses rehabilitasi, and maintained yearlydan dipelihara secara tahunan
===Labour time requiredKebutuhan waktu tenaga kerja===* Frond stacking is undertaken as a part of the Penumpukan pelepah dilakukan sebagai bagian dari proses pruning and harvesting activitiesdan panen* Silt pitsRorak::: - One hour for the establishment of each silt pit1 jam untuk proses pengadaannya untuk setiap rorak:: - 2 days hari per hectare for the maintenance of the silt pitshektar untuk proses pemeliharaan rorak* PlatformsPlatform::: - One to four hours for the establishment of each Satu hingga empat jam untuk pengadaan setiap platform:: - 3 days hari per hectare for maintenance of the platformshektar untuk proses pemeliharaan platform
===Equipment and materialsPeralatan dan perlengkapan===* Frond stackingPenumpukan pelepah::: - Same equipment and materials as for Peralatan dan perlengkapan sama seperti yang digunakan dalam proses pruning* Silt pitsRorak::: - Excavator or spadeEkskavator atau sekop* PlatformsPlatform::: - Excavator or spadeEkskavator atau sekop:: - Measuring tape Meteran (5 m)
===WhoTenaga kerja===Farmers and their families or hired labourersPara petani perkebunan dan anggota keluarganya atau karyawan harian lepas
===HowCara pelaksanaan=======Frond stacking along the contour Penumpukan pelepah sepanjang kontur lereng (9—15tingkat kemiringan 9-15% slope)====
{| style="border: 1px solid #72CDFF" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
|width="15%" valign="top"|'''Step Langkah 1.'''|Stack some of the pruned fronds between the palm rowsTumpuk sebagian pelepah yang telah dipangkas diantara barisan sawit, along the contour lines and parallel with the slopesepanjang garis kontur dan paralel dengan kemiringan lereng.
|-
|width="15%" valign="top" style="background:#f0f8ff;" |'''Step Langkah''' '''2.'''|style="background:#f0f8ff;" |Put some fronds between the palms in a straight angle from the contour stack, in a ‘box shape’ to increase water catchment and decrease runoff Tempatkan sebagian pelepah diantara sawit dengan posisi lurus dari tumpukan kontur dengan bentuk menyerupai kotak untuk meningkatkan penangkapan air dan mengurangi kikisan (see lihat [http://akvopedia.org/sandbox/File:Oil-palm-3.8-figure23.png Figure Gambar 23]).
|}
====Silt pits Rorak (tingkat kemiringan lereng 9—15% slope)====Silt pits capture rainwater flowing down the hillRorak akan menampung air hujan yang mengalir di sepanjang bukit. Pits should be Kubangan harus memiliki panjang 1.5 m long, lebar 0.5 m wide and , dan kedalaman 0.5 m deep.
{| style="border: 1px solid #72CDFF" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
|width="15%" valign="top"|'''Step Langkah''' '''1.'''|Dig one pit next to every other palm Gali satu lubang di samping setiap 2 pohon sawit (in the middle between two palmsdi tengah diantara 2 pohon) following the contour line mengikuti garis kontur (see lihat [http://akvopedia.org/sandbox/File:Oil-palm-3.9-figure25.png Figure Gambar 25]).
|-
|width="15%" valign="top" style="background:#f0f8ff;" |'''Step Langkah''' '''2.'''|style="background:#f0f8ff;" |Heap soil from the pit on the upslope sideTimbun tanah dari galian rorak ke bagian atas lereng, about sekitar 0.5 meter above the pitm di atas rorak.
|-
|width="15%" valign="top"|'''Step Langkah''' '''3.'''|Stack fronds on the upper side of the soil heap to prevent destruction of the heap or the pit during heavy rainTumpuk pelepah ke bagian atas dari timbunan tanah untuk menghindari kerusakan timbunan ataupun rorak selama terjadi hujan deras.
|}
* Platform surface should slope 5—10% in the opposite direction to the slope (see [http://akvopedia.org/sandbox/File:Oil-palm-3.9-figure26.png Figure 26])
{| style="border: 1px solid #72CDFF" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
|width="15%" valign="top"|'''Step Langkah''' '''1.'''
|Dig soil from the upper part of the circle and place it on the lower part. Ensure the bottom (supporting) part of the platform is wider than the top.
|-
|width="15%" valign="top" style="background:#f0f8ff;" |'''Step Langkah''' '''2.'''
|style="background:#f0f8ff;" |Compact the soil at the downhill edge of the platform to prevent washing away.
|-
|width="15%" valign="top"|'''Step Langkah''' '''3.'''
|Stack fronds just upslope from the platform to reduce water flows <ref> AA Resources, Soil Management: Soil and Water Conservation Management, Applied Agricultural Resources, Petaling Jaya, http://www.aarsb.com.my/soil-management-soil-and-water-conservation-management, Accessed September 2013.</ref>
|}
===Data recordingPencatatan data===
Every soil conservation construction or maintenance activity should be recorded in a logbook as shown in the example below.
