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To achieve specific effluent goals for BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus, different adaptations and modifications have been made to the basic Activated Sludge design. Aerobic conditions, nutrient-specific organisms (especially for phosphorus), recycle design and carbon dosing, among others, have successfully allowed Activated Sludge processes to achieve high treatment efficiencies.
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- Prone to complicated chemical and microbiological problems. <br> - Effluent might require further treatment/ disinfection before discharge. <br> - Not all parts and materials may be available locally. <br> - Requires expert design and supervision. <br> - High Capital cost; high operation cost. <br> - Constant source of electricity is required. <br> - Effluent and sludge require secondary treatment and/or appropriate discharge.
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==Adequacy==
The mechanical equipment (mixers, aerators and pumps) must be maintained constantly. As well, the influent and effluent must be monitored constantly to ensure that there are no abnormalities that could kill the active biomass and to ensure that detrimental organisms have not developed that could impair the process (e.g. filamentous bacteria).
==Acknowledgements==
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==Referencesand external links== * Elizabeth Tilley et.al (2008). [http://www.eawag.ch/organisation/abteilungen/sandec/publikationen/publications_sesp/downloads_sesp/compendium_high.pdf Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies] ([http://www.eawag.ch/organisation/abteilungen/sandec/publikationen/publications_sesp/downloads_sesp/compendium_low.pdf low res version]). Department of Water and Sanitation in Development Countries ([http://www.sandec.ch/ Sandec]) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag). (Provides a full overview of sanitation systems.)
* Crites, R. and Tchobanoglous, G. (1998). Small and Decentralized Wastewater Management Systems. WCB and McGraw-Hill, New York, USA. pp 451–504. (Comprehensive summary including solved problems.)
