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23:29, 30 May 2012 Household water treatmentand safe storage (HWTS) has emerged as a viable solution for small and large populations, especially in rural areas. HWTS interventions can lead to dramatic improvements in drinking water quality and reductions in diarrhoeal disease, making an immediate difference to the lives of those who rely on water from polluted rivers, lakes and, in some cases, unsafe wells or piped water supplies.
Chlorination is the most widely used method of disinfecting drinking-water. Liquids (such as bleach), powders (such as bleaching powder), and purpose-made tablets can be used. Iodine can also be used as a chemical disinfectant. Deciding on the right amount of chlorine to use can be difficult, because the effectiveness of chlorination depends on the quality of the untreated water, which may vary according to the season.
{|border="1" cellspacing="0"
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! HWTS - Chemical
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|[[Image:safe_water_systems_icon.png|center|link=http://akvo.org/wiki/index.php/Chlorine_%28Sodium_Hypochlorite%29]]
|[[Image:safe_water_systems_icon.png|center|link=http://akvo.org/wiki/index.php/Chlorine_%28NaDCC%29]]
|[[Image:safe_water_systems_icon.png|center|link=http://akvo.org/wiki/index.php/WATAsol]]
|[[Image:safe_water_systems_icon.png|center|link=http://akvo.org/wiki/index.php/Chemical_Coagulants]]
|-
|[[Image:chlorine disinfection small.jpg|center|150px|link=http://akvo.org/wiki/index.php/Chlorine_%28Sodium_Hypochlorite%29]]
|[[Image:NaDCC small.jpg|center|150px|link=http://akvo.org/wiki/index.php/Chlorine_%28NaDCC%29]]
|[[Image:setup of WATAsol small.jpg|center|150px|link=http://akvo.org/wiki/index.php/WATAsol]]
|[[Image:alum block small.jpg|center|150px|link=http://akvo.org/wiki/index.php/Chemical_Coagulants]]
|-
|<div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">[[Chlorine_%28Sodium_Hypochlorite%29|Chlorine <br>(Sodium Hypochlorite)]]</div>
|<div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">[[Chlorine (NaDCC)]]</div>
|<div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">[[WATAsol]]</div>
|<div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">[[Chemical Coagulants]]</div>
|}
==Acknowledgements==
* To accelerate health gains to those without reliable access to safe drinking water, WHO established the International Network to Promote HWTS in 2003. The informal network format optimizes flexibility, participation and creativity to support coordinated action. [http://www.who.int/household_water/network/en/index.html The Network].
* Brikke, François, and Bredero, Maarten. ''[http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CC0QFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fwater_sanitation_health%2Fhygiene%2Fom%2Flinkingintro.pdf&ei=cwJpT-zaO-OiiQKCst2rBw&usg=AFQjCNEWOQhTgF3a7lzhuw5OA2KmbVGxcA&sig2=Rt2EURUyGVqDcwFg6p0xAw Linking technology choice with operation and maintenance in the context of community water supply and sanitation: A reference document for planners and project staff]''. World Health Organization and IRC Water and Sanitation Centre. Geneva, Switzerland 2003.
