Difference between revisions of "Sanitation Portal"

Latest revision as of 23:54, 12 July 2020

This portal describes sanitation technologies which can be applied from the household level to the village level. A complete sanitation system does not consist of only one technology, but rather a chain of technologies, each taking care of a specific function, such as the toilet, transportation, and treatment. Each technology below is dedicated to one particular function in this chain. An example is given at the end of this page.

Below, sanitation technologies are presented in different functional groups: User interface (Toilets, urinals, handwashing), Collection and Storage / Local Treatment, Conveyance, (semi-) Centralized Treatment, and Use of products / disposal.

IRC Sanitation RSS feed

Jump to more Sanitation resources below.

Toilet Facilities

Collection and Storage / Local Treatment

Conveyance

(Semi-) Centralized Treatment

Use of Products / Disposal

Dry Toilet

Urine Diverting
Dry Toilet

Urinal

Pour Flush Toilet

Cistern Flush Toilet

Urine Diverting
Flush Toilet

Urine Storage
Tank / Container

Single Pit

Single Ventilated
Improved Pit

Double Ventilated
Improved Pit

Fossa Alterna

Twin Pits
for Pour Flush

Dehydration Vaults

Composting Chamber

Septic Tank

Anaerobic Baffled
Reactor (ABR)

Anaerobic Filter

Biogas Reactor

Jerrycan - tank

Human-Powered
Emptying and Transport

Motorized Emptying
and Transport

Simplified Sewer

Solids-free Sewer

Conventional
Gravity Sewer

Transfer Station -
Underground Holding Tank

Sewer Discharge Station

Settled sewerage
(small diameter)

Pre-Treatment
Technologies

Settler

Imhoff Tank

Anaerobic Baffled
Reactor (ABR)

Anaerobic Filter

Cocopeat biofilter
secondary treatment system

Waste Stabilization Pond

Aerated Pond

Free-Water Surface
Constructed Wetland

Horizontal Subsurface
Flow Constructed Wetland

Vertical Flow
Constructed Wetland

Trickling Filter

Upflow Anaerobic
Sludge Blanket Reactor

Activated Sludge

Sedimentation -
Thickening Ponds

Unplanted Drying Beds

Planted Drying Beds

Co-composting

Biogas Reactor

Tertiary Filtration
and Disinfection

Struvite recovery

Fill and Cover
- Arborloo

Application of
Stored Urine

Application of
Dehydrated Faeces

Application of Pit
Humus and Compost

Application of Sludge

Irrigation

Soak Pit

Leach Field

Fish Pond

Floating Plant Pond

Water Disposal -
Groundwater Recharge

Surface Disposal
and Storage

Biogas Combustion

Productive Sanitation
& the Link to
Food Security

Sustainable Sanitation & Groundwater Protection
Sanitation as a Business
IRC Sanitation Pack - IRC Sanitation Pack, SanPack for short, contains an overview of available methods, techniques and tools in a low-cost, non-sewered sanitation service model. The materials have been developed and used by IRC and its long-standing and more recent partners in the South and the North in some 20 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America.

For a helpful sourcebook in the training of professionals for the sanitation and water sector, browse or download the set of animated PowerPoints called Sustainable Sanitation, by clicking the pink box below.

Sanitation systems

Example

This is a complete sanitation system, which consists of a chain of technologies. Reading the icons in the illustration below from the left to the right we have a Urine Diverting Dry Toilet connecting to Storage tanks, where the faeces are taken away through Human-Powered Emptying and Transport to be processed through Co-composting and then finally be used through Application of Compost - Eco-Humus and the Application of Urine.

The table below lists eight different examples of sanitation systems, going from very simple to more complex. Of course, many other systems are possible, depending on the local context.

1 Single Pit System

2 Waterless System with Alternating Pits

3 Pour Flush Pit System without Sludge Production

4 Waterless System with Urine Diversion

5 Biogas System

6 Blackwater Treatment System with Infiltration

7 Blackwater Treatment System with Effluent Transport

8 Blackwater Transport to (Semi-) Centralized Treatment System

9 Sewerage System with Urine Diversion

Acknowledgements

The majority of the material in this portal was adapted from: Tilley, E. et al. (2008). Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies. Eawag: The Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.

Currently, WASTE is working on a Sanitation Decision Support tool, which will be integrated in this portal in the near future.

Smart Sanitation Solutions produced in collaboration with Netherlands Water Partnership, WASTE, PRACTICA, IRC, SIMAVI and Partners voor Water


RSR Project 107 Rainwater harvesting in Guinee Bissau	RSR Project 600 Community-led WASH and Safe Motherhood	RSR Project 830 Scanning and Mapping the WASH Situation	RSR Project 388 WASH Alliance project, AMREF in Ethiopia	RSR Project 351 Cost effective means of financing WASH


RSR Project 459 Upscaling CLTS for Healthy Communities	RSR Project 462 Northern Region WASH Programme	RSR Project 386 Scaling-up using CLTS in Kenya	RSR Project 469 Implementing an IWRM process in Mashuru	RSR Project 361 Improving Communal Health Through WASH


RSR Project 401 Eau, hygiène et assainissement	RSR Project 364 WASH in Gorkha and Baglung	RSR Project 366 WASH Sustainability through Women Led MFI	RSR Project 367 SWASH in Birendranagar, Surkhet	RSR Project 488 Community-based WASH Project in Nepal

Difference between revisions of "Sanitation Portal"

Latest revision as of 23:54, 12 July 2020

Contents

Field experiences

{{subst:anchor|Sanitation_jump}}Sanitation resources

Sanitation systems

Example

Acknowledgements

Navigation menu

Personal tools

Namespaces

Variants

Views

More

Search

Navigation

WASH Portals

Data Libraries

Agriculture Portals

Theme Portals

Miscellaneous

Tools

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{|border="0" width="100%"
+{{Language-box|english_link=Sanitation Portal|french_link=Portail d'Hygiène|spanish_link=Portal de Saneamiento|hindi_link=coming soon|malayalam_link=coming soon|tamil_link=coming soon|korean_link=coming soon|chinese_link=coming soon|indonesian_link=coming soon|japanese_link=coming soon}}
-|This portal describes sanitation technologies which can be applied from the household level to the village level.||
+[[Image:Sanitation4icons.png|right|100px]]
-{| width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"
+[[Image:akvopedia logo.png|right|100px|link=http://akvopedia.org/wiki/Main_Page]]
-|colspan="3" style="background:#fdfe97" |Languages / langues / idiomas
-|-
-| align="center" |[[Image:english_flag.gif | 30px|link=Portal:Sanitation]] || align="center"| [[Image:french_flag.gif | 30px|link=Portal:Sanitation-French]] || align="center"| [[Image:spanish_flag.gif | 30px|link=Portal:Sanitation-Spanish]]
-|}
-||[[Image:Sanitation4icons.png|120px]]
-|}
-A sanitation [http://www.easyessayhelp.com/write-my-essay.php help me write my essay] system does not consist of a single technology described below. A complete sanitation system consists of a chain of technologies, each taking care of a specific function,[http://www.customessayhelp.com/write-my-essay.html need someone to write my essay] such as the toilet, the transportation, and <span class="plainlinks">[http://www.mycaal.com/ <span style="color:black;font-weight:normal; text-decoration:none!important; background:none!important; text-decoration:none;">loan modification] treatment.<span class="plainlinks">[http://www.customessayhelp.com/ <span style="color:#444444;font-weight:normal;   text-decoration:none!important; background:none!important; text-decoration:none;">custom essays</span>] Each technology below is dedicated to one particular function in this chain. An example is given at the end of this page.[http://www.essayinn.co.uk/buy-an-essay/ Buy Essay Online]|[http://www.mightydesigners.com/ Logo Design Contest] [http://www.easyessayhelp.com Help With Essay] [http://www.logodesignmaestro.com custom logo design] [http://www.easyessayhelp.com/research-paper.php Buy Research Paper] [http://www.easyessayhelp.com/buy-essay.php Buy An Essay Online][http://www.customessayhelp.com/research-paper-writing-services.html  purchase research paper]
+This portal describes sanitation technologies which can be applied from the household level to the village level. A complete sanitation system does not consist of only one technology, but rather a chain of technologies, each taking care of a specific function, such as the toilet, transportation, and treatment. Each technology below is dedicated to one particular function in this chain. An [[#example|example]] is given at the end of this page.
+Below, '''sanitation technologies''' are presented in different [[Functional Groups|functional groups]]: User interface (Toilets, urinals, handwashing), Collection and Storage / Local Treatment, Conveyance, (semi-) Centralized Treatment, and Use of products / disposal.
-==Sanitation technologies==
+{| style="border: none; background-color: #efefef;" cellpadding="10"
-Below, sanitation [http://www.easyessayhelp.com/write-my-research-paper.php write my research paper] technologies are presented in different functional groups: User interface (Toilets, urinals, handwashing), Collection and Storage / Local Treatment, Conveyance, (semi-) Centralized Treatment, and Use of products / disposal.[http://www.essayinn.co.uk Essay Help]
+|[[Image:IRC new logo.png|center|30px|link=http://www.irc.nl/|]]
-[http://www.visioncreatorz.com/services/web-banner-design/ cheap banner design]
+|<font size="3">[[IRC Sanitation RSS feed]]</font>
+|}
+<font color="#454545">Jump to more [[#Sanitation_jump | Sanitation resources]] below.</font>
+<br>
 {| border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" width="100%"
-!style="background:#efefef;"| Toilet Facilities
+!style="background:#efefef;"| <font size="3">Toilet Facilities</font>
-! Collection and Storage/ Local Treatment
+! <font size="3">Collection and Storage / Local Treatment</font>
-!style="background:#efefef;"| Conveyance
+!style="background:#efefef;"| <font size="3">Conveyance</font>
-! (semi-) Centralized Treatment
+! <font size="3">(Semi-) Centralized Treatment</font>
-!style="background:#efefef;"| Use of Products/ Disposal
+!style="background:#efefef;"| <font size="3">Use of Products / Disposal</font>
 |- valign="top"
 |align="center" width="20%" style="background:#efefef;" |<!-- Content Column 1 starts here -->
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_dry_toilet.png|alt=Dry Toilet|width=91|link=Dry Toilet}} <br> [[Dry Toilet]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_dry_toilet.png|alt=Dry Toilet|width=75|link=Dry Toilet}} <br> [[Dry Toilet]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_urine_diverting_dry_toilet.png|alt=Urine Diverting Dry Toilet|width=91|link=Urine Diverting Dry Toilet}} <br> [[Urine Diverting Dry Toilet]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_urine_diverting_dry_toilet.png|alt=Urine Diverting Dry Toilet|width=75|link=Urine Diverting Dry Toilet}} <br> [[Urine Diverting Dry Toilet|Urine Diverting <br>Dry Toilet]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_urinal.png|alt=Urinal|width=91|link=Urinal}} <br> [[Urinal]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_urinal.png|alt=Urinal|width=75|link=Urinal}} <br> [[Urinal]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_pour_flush_toilet.png|alt=Pour Flush Toilet|width=91|link=Pour Flush Toilet}} <br> [[Pour Flush Toilet]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_pour_flush_toilet.png|alt=Pour Flush Toilet|width=75|link=Pour Flush Toilet}} <br> [[Pour Flush Toilet]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_cistern_flush_toilet.png|alt=Cistern Flush Toilet|width=91|link=Cistern Flush Toilet}} <br> [[Cistern Flush Toilet]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_cistern_flush_toilet.png|alt=Cistern Flush Toilet|width=75|link=Cistern Flush Toilet}} <br> [[Cistern Flush Toilet]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_urine_diverting_flush_toilet.png|alt=Urine Diverting Flush Toilet|width=91|link=Urine Diverting Flush Toilet}} <br> [[Urine Diverting Flush Toilet]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_urine_diverting_flush_toilet.png|alt=Urine Diverting Flush Toilet|width=75|link=Urine Diverting Flush Toilet}} <br> [[Urine Diverting Flush Toilet|Urine Diverting <br>Flush Toilet]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=TippyTap_icon.png|alt=Tippy Tap|width=91|link=Tippy Tap}} <br> [[Tippy Tap|Hygiene - Tippy Tap]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=communal latrine icon.png|alt=Communal Latrines|width=85|link=Communal Latrines}} <br> [[Communal Latrines]]
+|}
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=toiletCommercial.png|alt=Commercial Toilets|width=85|link=Commercial Toilets}} <br> [[Commercial Toilets]]
+|}
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Pour_flush_slabs_icon.jpg|alt=Pour flush slabs|width=75|link=Pour flush slabs}} <br> [[Pour flush slabs|Pour flush slabs]]
+|}
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=TippyTap_icon.png|alt=Tippy Tap|width=75|link=Tippy Tap}} <br> [[Tippy Tap|Hygiene - Tippy Tap]]
 |}
-[http://www.visioncreatorz.com/cheap-copywriting-services/ cheap copy writing service]
 <!-- Content Column 1 ends here -->
 |align="center" width="20%" | <!-- Content Column 2 starts here -->
-  {|style="height:140px"
+  {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_urine_storage_tank_container.png|alt=Storage tank|width=91|link=Storage tanks}} <br> [[Storage tanks]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_urine_storage_tank_container.png|alt=Urine Storage Tank / Container|width=75|link=Urine Storage Tank / Container}} <br> [[Urine Storage Tank / Container | Urine Storage<br>Tank / Container]]
 |}
-   {|style="height:140px"
+   {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_single_pit.png|alt=Single Pit|width=91|link=Single Pit}} <br> [[Single Pit]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_single_pit.png|alt=Single Pit|width=75|link=Single Pit}} <br> [[Single Pit]]
 |}
-   {|style="height:140px"
+   {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_single_ventilated_improved_pit.png|alt=Single Ventilated Improved Pit|width=91|link=Single Ventilated Improved Pit}} <br> [[Single Ventilated Improved Pit]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_single_ventilated_improved_pit.png|alt=Single Ventilated Improved Pit|width=75|link=Single Ventilated Improved Pit}} <br> [[Single Ventilated Improved Pit|Single Ventilated<br>Improved Pit]]
 |}
-  {|style="height:140px"
+  {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_double_ventilated_improved_pit.png|alt=Double Ventilated Improved Pit|width=91|link=Double Ventilated Improved Pit}} <br> [[Double Ventilated Improved Pit]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_double_ventilated_improved_pit.png|alt=Double Ventilated Improved Pit|width=75|link=Double Ventilated Improved Pit}} <br> [[Double Ventilated Improved Pit|Double Ventilated <br>Improved Pit]]
 |}
-   {|style="height:140px"
+   {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_fossa_alterna.png|alt=Fossa Alterna|width=91|link=Fossa Alterna}} <br> [[Fossa Alterna]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_fossa_alterna.png|alt=Fossa Alterna|width=75|link=Fossa Alterna}} <br> [[Fossa Alterna]]
 |}
-   {|style="height:140px"
+   {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_twin_pits_for_pour_flush.png|alt=Twin Pits for Pour Flush|width=91|link=Twin Pits for Pour Flush}} <br> [[Twin Pits for Pour Flush]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_twin_pits_for_pour_flush.png|alt=Twin Pits for Pour Flush|width=75|link=Twin Pits for Pour Flush}} <br> [[Twin Pits for Pour Flush|Twin Pits <br>for Pour Flush]]
 |}
-   {|style="height:140px"
+   {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_dehydration_vault_2.png|alt=Dehydration Vaults|width=91|link=Dehydration Vaults}} <br> [[Dehydration Vaults]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_dehydration_vault_2.png|alt=Dehydration Vaults|width=75|link=Dehydration Vaults}} <br> [[Dehydration Vaults]]
 |}
-    {|style="height:140px"
+    {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_composting_chamber.png|alt=Composting Chamber|width=91|link=Composting Chamber}} <br> [[Composting Chamber]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_composting_chamber.png|alt=Composting Chamber|width=75|link=Composting Chamber}} <br> [[Composting Chamber]]
 |}
-    {|style="height:140px"
+    {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_septic_tank_2.png|alt=Septic Tank|width=91|link=Septic Tank}} <br> [[Septic Tank]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_septic_tank_2.png|alt=Septic Tank|width=75|link=Septic Tank}} <br> [[Septic Tank]]
 |}
-    {|style="height:140px"
+    {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_baffled_reactor.png|alt=Anaerobic Baffled Reactor|width=91|link=Anaerobic Baffled Reactor}} <br> [[Anaerobic Baffled Reactor]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_baffled_reactor.png|alt=Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR)|width=75|link=Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR)}} <br> [[Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR)|Anaerobic Baffled <br>Reactor (ABR)]]
 |}
-    {|style="height:140px"
+    {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_filter.png|alt=Anaerobic Filter|width=91|link=Anaerobic Filter}} <br> [[Anaerobic Filter]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_filter.png|alt=Anaerobic Filter|width=75|link=Anaerobic Filter}} <br> [[Anaerobic Filter]]
 |}
-    {|style="height:140px"
+    {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_biogas_reactor.png|alt=Anaerobic Biogas Reactor|width=91|link=Anaerobic Biogas Reactor}} <br> [[Anaerobic Biogas Reactor]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_biogas_reactor.png|alt=Biogas Reactor|width=75|link=Biogas Reactor}} <br> [[Biogas Reactor]]
 |}
    <!-- Content Column 2 ends here -->
-  [http://www.visioncreatorz.com/cheap-article-writing/ cheap article writing service]
- |align="center" width="20%" style="background:#efefef;"| <!-- Content Column 3 starts here -->
+|align="center" width="20%" style="background:#efefef;"| <!-- Content Column 3 - Conveyance- starts here -->
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_jerrycan_tank.png|alt=Jerrycan - tank|width=91|link=Jerrycan - tank}} <br> [[Jerrycan - tank]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_jerrycan_tank.png|alt=Jerrycan - tank|width=75|link=Jerrycan - tank}} <br> [[Jerrycan - tank]]
+|}
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_human_powered_emptying_and_transport.png|alt=Human-Powered Emptying and Transport|width=75|link=Human-Powered Emptying and Transport}} <br> [[Human-Powered Emptying and Transport|Human-Powered <br>Emptying and Transport]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_human_powered_emptying_and_transport.png|alt=Human-Powered Emptying and Transport|width=91|link=Human-Powered Emptying and Transport}} <br> [[Human-Powered Emptying and Transport]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_motorized_emptying_and_transport.png|alt=Motorized Emptying and Transport|width=75|link=Motorized Emptying and Transport}} <br> [[Motorized Emptying and Transport|Motorized Emptying <br>and Transport]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_motorized_emptying_and_transport.png|alt=Motorized Emptying and Transport|width=91|link=Motorized Emptying and Transport}} <br> [[Motorized Emptying and Transport]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_simplified_sewers.png|alt=Simplified Sewer|width=75|link=Simplified Sewer}} <br> [[Simplified Sewer]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_simplified_sewers.png|alt=Simplified Sewers|width=91|link=Simplified Sewers}} <br> [[Simplified Sewers]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_solids_free_sewer.png|alt=Solids-free Sewer|width=75|link=Solids-free Sewer}} <br> [[Solids-free Sewer]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_solids_free_sewer.png|alt=Solids-free Sewer|width=91|link=Solids-free Sewer}} <br> [[Solids-free Sewer]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_conventional_gravity_sewer.png|alt=Conventional Gravity Sewer|width=75|link=Conventional Gravity Sewer}} <br> [[Conventional Gravity Sewer|Conventional <br>Gravity Sewer]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_conventional_gravity_sewer.png|alt=Conventional Gravity Sewer|width=91|link=Conventional Gravity Sewer}} <br> [[Conventional Gravity Sewer]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_transfer_station_underground_holding_tank.png|alt=Transfer Station (Underground Holding Tank)|width=75|link=Transfer Station - Underground Holding Tank}} <br> [[Transfer Station - Underground Holding Tank|Transfer Station - <br>Underground Holding Tank]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_transfer_station_underground_holding_tank.png|alt=Transfer Station (Underground Holding Tank)|width=91|link=Transfer Station - Underground Holding Tank)}} <br> [[Transfer Station - Underground Holding Tank|Transfer Station (Underground Holding Tank)]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_sewer_discharge_station.png|alt=Sewer Discharge Station|width=75|link=Sewer Discharge Station}} <br> [[Sewer Discharge Station]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_sewer_discharge_station.png|alt=Sewer Discharge Station|width=91|link=Sewer Discharge Station}} <br> [[Sewer Discharge Station]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Settled_sewerage_small_icon.jpg|alt=Settled sewerage (small diameter)|width=75|link=Settled sewerage (small diameter)}} <br> [[Settled sewerage (small diameter) | Settled sewerage<br> (small diameter)]]
 |}
 <!-- Content Column 3 ends here -->
 |align="center" width="20%" | <!-- Content Column 4 starts here -->
- {|style="height:140px"
+{|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_baffled_reactor.png|alt=(semi-) centralised Anaerobic Baffled Reactor|width=91|link=semi centralised Anaerobic Baffled Reactor}} <br> [[semi centralised Anaerobic Baffled Reactor ]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_baffled_reactor.png|alt=Pre-Treatment Technologies|width=75|link=Pre-Treatment Technologies}} <br> [[Pre-Treatment Technologies|Pre-Treatment <br>Technologies]]
+|}
+{|style="height:145px"
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=settler icon.png|alt=Settler|width=75|link=Settler}} <br> [[Settler]]
 |}
-  {|style="height:140px"
+{|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_filter.png|alt=(semi-) centralised Anaerobic Filter|width=91|link=(semi-) centralised Anaerobic Filter}} <br> [[(semi-) centralised Anaerobic Filter ]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Imhoff icon.png|alt=Imhoff Tank|width=75|link=Imhoff Tank}} <br> [[Imhoff Tank]]
 |}
-  {|style="height:140px"
+{|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_waste_stabilization_ponds.png|alt=Waste Stabilization Pond|width=91|link=Waste Stabilization Pond}} <br> [[Waste Stabilization Pond]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_baffled_reactor.png|alt=Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR)|width=75|link=Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR)}} <br> [[Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR)|Anaerobic Baffled <br>Reactor (ABR)]]
 |}
-  {|style="height:140px"
+{|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_aerated_pond.png|alt=Aerated Pond|width=91|link=Aerated Pond}} <br> [[Aerated Pond]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_filter.png|alt=Anaerobic Filter|width=75|link=Anaerobic Filter}} <br> [[Anaerobic Filter ]]
 |}
-  {|style="height:140px"
+{|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_free-water_surface_constructed_wetland.png|alt=Free-Water Surface Constructed Wetland|width=91|link=Free-Water Surface Constructed Wetland}} <br> [[Free-Water Surface Constructed Wetland]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_filter.png|alt=Cocopeat biofilter secondary treatment system - School wastewater story from Philippines|width=75|link=Cocopeat biofilter secondary treatment system - School wastewater story from Philippines}} <br> [[Cocopeat biofilter secondary treatment system - School wastewater story from Philippines | Cocopeat biofilter <br>secondary treatment system]]
 |}
-  {|style="height:140px"
+{|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_horizontal_subsurface_flow_constructed_wetland.png|alt=Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland|width=91|link=Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland}} <br> [[Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_waste_stabilization_ponds.png|alt=Waste Stabilization Pond|width=75|link=Waste Stabilization Pond}} <br> [[Waste Stabilization Pond]]
 |}
-   {|style="height:140px"
+   {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_vertical_flow_constructed_wetland.png|alt=Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland|width=91|link=Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland}} <br> [[Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_aerated_pond.png|alt=Aerated Pond|width=75|link=Aerated Pond}} <br> [[Aerated Pond]]
 |}
-   {|style="height:140px"
+   {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_trickling_filter.png|alt=Trickling Filter|width=91|link=Trickling Filter}} <br> [[Trickling Filter]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_free-water_surface_constructed_wetland.png|alt=Free-Water Surface Constructed Wetland|width=75|link=Free-Water Surface Constructed Wetland}} <br> [[Free-Water Surface Constructed Wetland|Free-Water Surface <br>Constructed Wetland]]
 |}
-   {|style="height:140px"
+   {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_upflow_anaerobic_sludge_blanket_reactor.png|alt=Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor|width=91|link=Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor}} <br> [[Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_horizontal_subsurface_flow_constructed_wetland.png|alt=Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland|width=75|link=Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland}} <br> [[Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland|Horizontal Subsurface <br>Flow Constructed Wetland]]
 |}
- {|style="height:140px"
+  {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_activated_sludge.png|alt=Activated Sludge|width=91|link=Activated Sludge}} <br> [[Activated Sludge]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_vertical_flow_constructed_wetland.png|alt=Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland|width=75|link=Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland}} <br> [[Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland|Vertical Flow <br>Constructed Wetland]]
 |}
- {|style="height:140px"
+  {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_sedimentation_thickening_ponds.png|alt=Sedimentation - Thickening Ponds|width=91|link=Sedimentation - Thickening Ponds}} <br> [[Sedimentation - Thickening Ponds]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_trickling_filter.png|alt=Trickling Filter|width=75|link=Trickling Filter}} <br> [[Trickling Filter]]
 |}
- {|style="height:140px"
+  {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_unplanted_drying_beds.png|alt=Unplanted Drying Beds|width=91|link=Unplanted Drying Beds}} <br> [[Unplanted Drying Beds]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_upflow_anaerobic_sludge_blanket_reactor.png|alt=Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor|width=75|link=Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor}} <br> [[Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor|Upflow Anaerobic <br>Sludge Blanket Reactor]]
 |}
-  {|style="height:140px"
+  {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_planted_drying_beds.png|alt=Planted Drying Beds|width=91|link=Planted Drying Beds}} <br> [[Planted Drying Beds]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_activated_sludge.png|alt=Activated Sludge|width=75|link=Activated Sludge}} <br> [[Activated Sludge]]
 |}
-  {|style="height:140px"
+  {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_co-composting.png|alt=Co-composting|width=91|link=Co-composting}} <br> [[Co-composting]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_sedimentation_thickening_ponds.png|alt=Sedimentation - Thickening Ponds|width=75|link=Sedimentation - Thickening Ponds}} <br> [[Sedimentation - Thickening Ponds|Sedimentation - <br>Thickening Ponds]]
 |}
-  {|style="height:140px"
+ {|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_biogas_reactor.png|alt=Anaerobic Biogas Reactor|width=91|link=Anaerobic Biogas Reactor}} <br> [[Anaerobic Biogas Reactor]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_unplanted_drying_beds.png|alt=Unplanted Drying Beds|width=75|link=Unplanted Drying Beds}} <br> [[Unplanted Drying Beds]]
 |}
-  {|style="height:140px"
+{|style="height:145px"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_biogas_reactor.png|alt=Struvite recovery|width=91|link=Struvite recovery}} <br> [[ Struvite recovery ]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_planted_drying_beds.png|alt=Planted Drying Beds|width=75|link=Planted Drying Beds}} <br> [[Planted Drying Beds]]
 |}
+{|style="height:145px"
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_co-composting.png|alt=Co-composting|width=75|link=Co-composting}} <br> [[Co-composting]]
+|}
+ {|style="height:145px"
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_biogas_reactor.png|alt=Biogas Reactor|width=75|link=Biogas Reactor}} <br> [[Biogas Reactor]]
+|}
+ {|style="height:145px"
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_filter.png|alt=Tertiary Filtration and Disinfection|width=75|link=Tertiary Filtration and Disinfection}} <br> [[Tertiary Filtration and Disinfection|Tertiary Filtration <br>and Disinfection]]
+|}
+ {|style="height:145px"
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_anaerobic_biogas_reactor.png|alt=Struvite recovery|width=75|link=Struvite recovery}} <br> [[Struvite recovery]]
+|}
   <!-- Content Column 4 ends here -->
-  [http://www.visioncreatorz.com/services/brochure-design/ cheap brochure design]
   |align="center" width="20%" style="background:#efefef;"| <!-- Content Column 5 starts here -->
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_fill_and_cover_arborloo.png|alt=Fill and Cover - Arborloo|width=91|link=Fill and Cover - Arborloo}} <br> [[Fill and Cover - Arborloo]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_fill_and_cover_arborloo.png|alt=Fill and Cover - Arborloo|width=75|link=Fill and Cover - Arborloo}} <br> [[Fill and Cover - Arborloo|Fill and Cover <br>- Arborloo]]
+|}
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_application_of_urine.png|alt=Application of Stored Urine|width=75|link=Application of Stored Urine}} <br> [[Application of Stored Urine|Application of <br>Stored Urine]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_application_of_urine.png|alt=Application of Urine|width=91|link=Application of Urine}} <br> [[Application of Urine]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_application_of_dehydrated_faeces.png|alt=Application of Dehydrated Faeces|width=75|link=Application of Dehydrated Faeces}} <br> [[Application of Dehydrated Faeces|Application of <br>Dehydrated Faeces]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_application_of_dehydrated_faeces.png|alt=Application of Dehydrated Faeces|width=91|link=Application of Dehydrated Faeces}} <br> [[Application of Dehydrated Faeces]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_application_of_compost_eco_humus.png|alt=Application of Pit Humus and Compost|width=75|link=Application of Pit Humus and Compost}} <br> [[Application of Pit Humus and Compost|Application of Pit <br>Humus and Compost]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_application_of_compost_eco_humus.png|alt=Application of Compost - Eco-Humus|width=91|link=Application of Compost - Eco-Humus}} <br> [[Application of Compost - Eco-Humus]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_land_application_of_sludge.png|alt=Application of Sludge|width=75|link=Application of Sludge}} <br> [[Application of Sludge]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=biogas_as_source_of_energy_icon.jpg|alt=Biogas as source of energy|width=91|link=Biogas as source of energy}} <br> [[Biogas as source of energy|Biogas for energy]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_irrigation.png|alt=Irrigation|width=75|link=Irrigation}} <br> [[Irrigation]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_irrigation.png|alt=Irrigation|width=91|link=Irrigation}} <br> [[Irrigation]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_soak_pit.png|alt=Soak Pit|width=75|link=Soak Pit}} <br> [[Soak Pit]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_soak_pit.png|alt=Soak Pit|width=91|link=Soak Pit}} <br> [[Soak Pit]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_leach_field.png|alt=Leach Field|width=75|link=Leach Field}} <br> [[Leach Field]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_leach_field.png|alt=Leach Field|width=91|link=Leach Field}} <br> [[Leach Field]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_aquaculture.png|alt=Fish Pond|width=75|link=Fish Pond}} <br> [[Fish Pond]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_aquaculture.png|alt=Aquaculture Ponds|width=91|link=Aquaculture Ponds}} <br> [[Aquaculture Ponds]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_floating_plant_macrophyte_pond.png|alt=Floating Plant Pond|width=75|link=Floating Plant Pond}} <br> [[Floating Plant Pond | Floating Plant Pond]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_floating_plant_macrophyte_pond.png|alt=Floating Plant - Macrophyte - Pond|width=91|link=Floating Plant - Macrophyte - Pond}} <br> [[Floating Plant - Macrophyte - Pond |Floating Plant (Macrophyte) Pond]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_water_disposal_groundwater_recharge.png|alt=Water Disposal - Groundwater Recharge|width=75|link=Water Disposal - Groundwater Recharge}} <br> [[Water Disposal - Groundwater Recharge|Water Disposal - <br>Groundwater Recharge]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_water_disposal_groundwater_recharge.png|alt=Water Disposal - Groundwater Recharge|width=91|link=Water Disposal - Groundwater Recharge}} <br> [[Water Disposal - Groundwater Recharge]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_surface_disposal.png|alt=Surface Disposal and Storage|width=75|link=Surface Disposal and Storage}} <br> [[Surface Disposal and Storage|Surface Disposal <br>and Storage]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_land_application_of_sludge.png|alt=Land Application of Sludge|width=91|link=Land Application of Sludge}} <br> [[Land Application of Sludge]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=biogas_as_source_of_energy_icon.jpg|alt=Biogas Combustion|width=75|link=Biogas Combustion}} <br> [[Biogas Combustion|Biogas Combustion]]
 |}
-{|style="height:140px; background:#efefef"
+{|style="height:145px; background:#efefef"
-|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_surface_disposal.png|alt=Surface Disposal|width=91|link=Surface Disposal}} <br> [[Surface Disposal]]
+|align="center" valign="top"| {{Icon|file=Icon_application_of_compost_eco_humus.png|alt=Productive Sanitation & the Link to Food Security|width=75|link=Productive Sanitation & the Link to Food Security}} <br> [[Productive Sanitation & the Link to Food Security|Productive Sanitation<br> & the Link to <br>Food Security]]
 |}
 <!-- Content Column 5 ends here -->
 |}
+<br>
-==Sanitation systems ==
+===Field experiences===
-In this section we give an example of a complete sanitation system, which consists of a <span class="plainlinks">[http://www.premierrivercruises.com/river-cruise-regions-of-the-world/france-river-cruises<span style="color:black;font-weight:normal; text-decoration:none!important; background:none!important; text-decoration:none;">French river cruises</span>] chain of technologies.[http://www.customessayhelp.com/prices.html cheap custom essays] Reading the icons in the illustration below from the left to the right we have a [[Urine Diverting Dry Toilet]] connecting to [[Storage tanks]], where the faeces are taken away through [[Human-Powered Emptying and Transport]] to be processed through [[Co-composting]] and then finally be used through [[Application of Compost - Eco-Humus]] and the [[Application of Urine]].
+These projects are utilizing sanitation techniques and are part of the project listing in Really Simple Reporting (RSR) on [http://www.akvo.org Akvo.org].
+{{RSR_table
+|1image=project 107.jpg |1link=http://rsr.akvo.org/project/107/ |1project#=107 |1project name=Rainwater harvesting in Guinee Bissau|
+|2image=project 600.jpg |2link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/600/ |2project#=600 |2project name=Community-led WASH and Safe Motherhood|
+|3image=project 830.png |3link=http://rsr.akvo.org/project/830/ |3project#=830 |3project name=Scanning and Mapping the WASH Situation|
+|4image=project 388.jpg |4link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/388/ |4project#=388 |4project name=WASH Alliance project, AMREF in Ethiopia |
+|5image=project 351.jpg |5link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/351/ |5project#=351 |5project name=Cost effective means of financing WASH |
+}}
+{{RSR_table
+|1image=project 459.jpg |1link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/459/ |1project#=459 |1project name=Upscaling CLTS for Healthy Communities |
+|2image=project 462.jpg |2link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/462/ |2project#=462 |2project name=Northern Region WASH Programme |
+|3image=project 386.jpg |3link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/386/ |3project#=386 |3project name=Scaling-up using CLTS in Kenya |
+|4image=project 469.png |4link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/469/ |4project#=469 |4project name=Implementing an IWRM process in Mashuru |
+|5image=project 361.png |5link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/361/ |5project#=361 |5project name=Improving Communal Health Through WASH |
+}}
+{{RSR_table
+|1image=project 401.jpg |1link=http://rsr.akvo.org/project/401/ |1project#=401 |1project name=Eau, hygiène et assainissement |
+|2image=project 364.png |2link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/364/ |2project#=364 |2project name=WASH in Gorkha and Baglung |
+|3image=project 366.png |3link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/366/ |3project#=366 |3project name=WASH Sustainability through Women Led MFI |
+|4image=project 367.png |4link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/367/ |4project#=367 |4project name=SWASH in Birendranagar, Surkhet |
+|5image=project 488.png |5link=http://rsr.akvo.org//project/488/ |5project#=488 |5project name=Community-based WASH Project in Nepal|
+}}
+<br>
+==={{subst:anchor|Sanitation_jump}}Sanitation resources===
+[[Image:san pack.png|thumb|right|200px|Photo: [http://www.ircwash.org/ IRC]]]
+* [[Sustainable Sanitation & Groundwater Protection]]
+* [[Sanitation as a Business]]
+* [http://www.ircwash.org/news/sanitation-reference-package IRC Sanitation Pack] - IRC Sanitation Pack, SanPack for short, contains an overview of available methods, techniques and tools in a low-cost, non-sewered sanitation service model. The [http://www.ircwash.org/news/sanitation-reference-package materials] have been developed and used by IRC and its long-standing and more recent partners in the South and the North in some 20 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
+* For a helpful sourcebook in the training of professionals for the sanitation and water sector, browse or download the set of animated PowerPoints called [[Sustainable sanitation training material| Sustainable Sanitation]], by clicking the pink box below.
+<br>
+[[Image:sourcebook.png|none|250px|link=http://akvopedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_sanitation_training_material]]
+<br>
+===Sanitation systems ===
+* [[Sanitation Systems & Technology Options]]
+* [[The Functional Sanitation Ladder]]
+* [[Planning of Sustainable Sanitation for Cities]]
+====Example====
+This is a complete sanitation system, which consists of a chain of technologies. Reading the icons in the illustration below from the left to the right we have a [[Urine Diverting Dry Toilet]] connecting to [[Storage tanks]], where the faeces are taken away through [[Human-Powered Emptying and Transport]] to be processed through [[Co-composting]] and then finally be used through [[Application of Compost - Eco-Humus]] and the [[Application of Urine]].
 [[Image:sanitation_system_example.jpg]]
@@ Line 222: / Line 295: @@
 | '''1''' [[Single Pit System]]
 | '''2''' [[Waterless System with Alternating Pits]]
-| '''3''' [[Pour Flush System with Twin Pits]]
+| '''3''' [[Pour Flush Pit System without Sludge Production]]
 | '''4''' [[Waterless System with Urine Diversion]]
-| '''5''' [[Blackwater Treatment System with Infiltration]]
+| '''5''' [[Biogas System]]
-| '''6''' [[Blackwater Treatment System with Sewerage]]
+| '''6''' [[Blackwater Treatment System with Infiltration]]
-| '''7''' [[(Semi-) Centralized Treatment System]]
+| '''7''' [[Blackwater Treatment System with Effluent Transport]]
-| '''8''' [[Sewerage System with Urine Diversion]]
+| '''8''' [[Blackwater Transport to (Semi-) Centralized Treatment System]]
+| '''9''' [[Sewerage System with Urine Diversion]]
 |}
-== Acknowledgements ==
+<br>
+=== Acknowledgements ===
 * The majority of the material in this portal was adapted from: Tilley, E. et al. (2008). [http://www.eawag.ch/organisation/abteilungen/sandec/publikationen/publications_sesp/downloads_sesp/compendium_high.pdf Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies]. Eawag: The Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
-* Currently, [http://www.waste.nl WASTE] is working <span class="plainlinks">[http://dandelpiano.com/ <span style="color:black;font-weight:normal; text-decoration:none!important; background:none!important; text-decoration:none;">daniel del piano</span>] on a Sanitation Decision Support tool, which will be integrated in this portal in the near future.[http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/dissertation-proposal.php Dissertation Proposal Writing Service]|[http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/essay-service.php Custom Essay Writing Service UK]|[http://www.essaymojo.co.uk/university-essays-uk.php University Essays] [http://www.easyessayhelp.com/essay-writers.php Professional Essay Writers] [http://www.easyessayhelp.com/quality-essays.php Buy Non Plagiarized Essay Online]
+* Currently, [http://www.waste.nl WASTE] is working on a Sanitation Decision Support tool, which will be integrated in this portal in the near future.
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+* [http://www.nwp.nl/_docs/SSS_2006.pdf Smart Sanitation Solutions] produced in collaboration with [http://www.nwp.nl Netherlands Water Partnership], [http://www.waste.nl WASTE], [http://www.practicafoundation.nl/ PRACTICA], [http://www.ircwash.org/ IRC], [http://www.simavi.org SIMAVI] and [http://www.partnersvoorwater.nl/ Partners voor Water]
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-* [http://www.irc.nl/page/28448 Smart Sanitation Solutions] produced <span class="plainlinks">[http://www.linkedin.com/pub/jason-halek/4/723/6b3<span style="color:black;font-weight:normal; text-decoration:none!important; background:none!important; text-decoration:none;">jason halek</span>] in collaboration with [http://www.nwp.nl Netherlands Water Partnership], [http://www.waste.nl WASTE], [http://www.practicafoundation.nl/ PRACTICA], [http://www.irc.nl IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre], SIMAWI and [http://www.partnersforwater.nl/ Partners voor Water]