Difference between revisions of "獲取地下水"
From Akvopedia
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===地下水連結=== | ===地下水連結=== | ||
* [[Sustainable Sanitation & Groundwater Protection|永續環境衛生 & 地下水保護]] | * [[Sustainable Sanitation & Groundwater Protection|永續環境衛生 & 地下水保護]] | ||
| − | * [http://www.indiawaterportal.org/articles/key-successfully-managing-groundwater-india | + | * [http://www.indiawaterportal.org/articles/key-successfully-managing-groundwater-india • 成功處理印度地下水的關鍵] |
| − | * [http://www.nwp.nl/_docs/Smart-solutions- | + | * [http://www.nwp.nl/_docs/Smart-solutions-3R聰明解決方案（3R：補給、保持、重複使用）] |
| − | * <font size="3">[http://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm | + | * <font size="3">[http://www.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm 非洲地下水文獻資料庫]</font>: 此資料庫包含出版及未出版的報告、期刊文章、 會議論文及地圖，為一有搜尋功能的非洲地下水文獻數據庫。多數的文件可免費下載；其餘則提供線上摘要的連結。對於在線取得性不明之文件則給予完整的參考書目出處。 |
| − | * | + | * 影片: [http://www.thewaterchannel.tv/en/videos/categories/displayresults/0?pattern=manual%20drilling&rpp=10&sort=0&ep=&ex= 多項手動鑽鑿影片]。 由聯合國國際兒童緊急救援基金會提供。 |
* Arjen van der Wal, [http://www.unicef.org/wash/files/04.pdf UNDERSTANDING GROUNDWATER & WELLS In Manual Drilling: INSTRUCTION HANDBOOK for manual drilling teams on hydro-geology for well drilling, well installation and well development]. Practica Foundation. June 2010 (2nd Edition). French version: [http://www.practica.org/wp-content/uploads/services/publications/drilling%20manuals/FR/Understanding%20Groundwater%20%26%20Wells%20PRACTICA%20FR%20June%202010.pdf CONNAISSANCES DES METHODES DE CAPTAGE DES EAUX SOUTERRAINES: appliquées aux forages manuels]. | * Arjen van der Wal, [http://www.unicef.org/wash/files/04.pdf UNDERSTANDING GROUNDWATER & WELLS In Manual Drilling: INSTRUCTION HANDBOOK for manual drilling teams on hydro-geology for well drilling, well installation and well development]. Practica Foundation. June 2010 (2nd Edition). French version: [http://www.practica.org/wp-content/uploads/services/publications/drilling%20manuals/FR/Understanding%20Groundwater%20%26%20Wells%20PRACTICA%20FR%20June%202010.pdf CONNAISSANCES DES METHODES DE CAPTAGE DES EAUX SOUTERRAINES: appliquées aux forages manuels]. | ||
* [http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/groundwater/international/africangroundwater/home.html Groundwater resilience to climate change in Africa.] Keyworth, Nottingham. British Geological Survey 2011. | * [http://www.bgs.ac.uk/research/groundwater/international/africangroundwater/home.html Groundwater resilience to climate change in Africa.] Keyworth, Nottingham. British Geological Survey 2011. | ||
Revision as of 05:37, 20 October 2015
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雨水如能順利入滲，最終即成為地下水。收集地下水是件有利的做法，因其不論雨季隨時可得、普遍來說有著高貯水容量及優良水質、對於年際氣候的適應力高、以及與替代來源相較之下擁有較低成本。
然而，影響地下水位的高度有許多因素：地表面下的土壤及岩石型態、鄰近的蓄水池或河流，及鄰近居民抽水的頻率或總抽取水量。再者，地下水的品質也需納入考量－是否太鹹或太靠近附近的農業逕流或污水區。入滲及抽水地點須設置於水最不會被污染源影響的地方。
氣候變化因素
氣候變化會影響全球降雨量及動態溫度，因而會影響地方社區對於水的供給及需求。普遍認為提升在地面上以及地面下的儲水量是應對水文衝擊（如洪水及乾旱）的策略。
實地經驗
 |
 Water4Tomorrow計畫 |
地下水連結
- 永續環境衛生 & 地下水保護
- • 成功處理印度地下水的關鍵
- [1]
- 非洲地下水文獻資料庫: 此資料庫包含出版及未出版的報告、期刊文章、 會議論文及地圖，為一有搜尋功能的非洲地下水文獻數據庫。多數的文件可免費下載；其餘則提供線上摘要的連結。對於在線取得性不明之文件則給予完整的參考書目出處。
- 影片: 多項手動鑽鑿影片。 由聯合國國際兒童緊急救援基金會提供。
- Arjen van der Wal, UNDERSTANDING GROUNDWATER & WELLS In Manual Drilling: INSTRUCTION HANDBOOK for manual drilling teams on hydro-geology for well drilling, well installation and well development. Practica Foundation. June 2010 (2nd Edition). French version: CONNAISSANCES DES METHODES DE CAPTAGE DES EAUX SOUTERRAINES: appliquées aux forages manuels.
- Groundwater resilience to climate change in Africa. Keyworth, Nottingham. British Geological Survey 2011.
- Global Overview of Saline Groundwater Occurrence and Genesis. IGRAC, 2009.
- Sustainable Development of Groundwater Resources in Southern and Eastern Africa. International Atomic Energy Agency.
- Siting of Drilled Water Wells - A Guide for Project Managers RWSN Field Note 2010-5 (Cost Effective Boreholes Series). Carter, R., Chilton, J., Danert, K. et al. RWSN. St Gallen, Switzerland 2010.
Acknowledgements
- Management of Ground Water in Africa Including Transboundary Aquifers: Implications for Food Security, Livelihood and Climate Change Adaptation. United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, African Climate Policy Centre, 2011.
