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Trickling Filter

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'''A Trickling Filter is a fixed bed, biological filter that operates under (mostly) aerobic conditions. Pre-settled wastewater is ‘trickled’ or sprayed over the filter. As the water migrates through the pores of the filter, organics are degraded by the biomass covering the filter material.'''
The sludge that accumulates on the filter must be periodically washed away to prevent clogging. High hydraulic loading rates can be used to flush the filter. The packing must be kept moist. This may be problematic at night when the water flow is reduced or when there are power failures.
==AcknowledgementsReferences=={{:Acknowledgements Sanitation}}
==References and external links==* U.S. EPA (2000). [http://water.epa.gov/scitech/wastetech/upload/2002_06_28_mtb_trickling_filter.pdf Wastewater Technology Fact Sheet- Trickling Filters, 832-F-00-014]. US [http://www.epa.gov Environmental Protection Agency], Washington. Design summary including tips for trouble shooting.
* USasse, L.S. EPA (20001998). Wastewater Technology Fact Sheet- Trickling Filters, 832-F-00-014. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington. Available: [http://www.epaindiawaterportal.org/sites/indiawaterportal.gov (Design summary including tips for trouble shootingorg/files/Decentralised_%20wastewater_%20treatment_%20in_%20developing_%20countries_A_%20handbook_%20by_%20BORDA_1998.pdf DEWATS: Decentralised Wastewater Treatment in Developing Countries]. BORDA, Bremen Overseas Research and Development Association, Bremen, Germany. Provides a short description of the technology.)
* SasseTchobanoglous, LG., Burton, FL. and Stensel, HD. (19982003). DEWATS[http: Decentralised //books.google.com/books/about/Wastewater_Engineering_Treatment_and_Reu.html?id=L1MAXTAkL-QC Wastewater Engineering: Treatment in Developing Countries. BORDA, Bremen Overseas Research and Development AssociationReuse, Bremen4th Edition]. Metcalf & Eddy, GermanyNew York. pp 890–930 . (Provides a short Detailed description of the technologyand example calculations.)
* Tchobanoglous, G., Burton, FL. and Stensel, HD. (2003). Wastewater Engineering==Acknowledgements=={{: Treatment and Reuse, 4th Edition. Metcalf & Eddy, New York. pp 890–930 . (Detailed description and example calculations.)Acknowledgements Sanitation}}
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