[[Image:4 logos.png|thumb|right|130px|Sustainable sanitation training material [[#authors|authors]]]]
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<font size="4" color="green">''Sustainable Sanitation for the 21st Century''</font><br>
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{| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" style="width: 100%; background-color: #efefef"
|<font size="3" color="black">''' Introduction'''</font>: [http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Introduction_2012Introduction_2015-0509-01.ppt '''ppt'''] - 0.7 MB, [http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Introduction_2012Introduction_2015-0509-01.pdf '''pdf'''] - 2.4 MB
|}
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|What functions should a sustainable system fulfill? Is sanitation in the world improving or not?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Sanitary conditions in various parts of the world. Critical understanding of data and functions.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/1.1_Sanitary_Cond._in_the_World_2012_in_the_World_2015-0501-01.ppt ppt] 2.3 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/1.1_Sanitary_Cond._in_the_World_2012_in_the_World_2015-0501-1702.pdf pdf] 2.5 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 1.2 <br>'''Resources'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Where are the resources? What might be the problem to access them?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Limits of nutrients, water and staff. Understanding the role of sanitation.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/1.2_Resources_20122-Resources-2015-0501-01.ppt ppt] 0.9 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/1.2_Resources_20122_Resources_2015-0501-1601.pdf pdf] 1.1 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 1.3<br> '''Resource flows'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|From where do resources come and where do they end up?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|How resource flows are created and manipulated. Methods to analyse flows.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/1.3_Resource_Flows_20123-Resource-Flows-2015-0601-01.ppt ppt] 2.1 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/1.3_Resource_Flows_20123-05Resource-16Flows-2015-01-01.pdf pdf] 2.6 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 1.4 <br>'''Demographic change'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Does population growth impact service levels? Is urbanisation a solution or a problem for improvement?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Urban-rural links. The role of demography in sanitation planning and implementation.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/1.4_Demographic_Change_20124-Demographic-change-2015-0501-01.ppt ppt] 0.6 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/1.4_Demographic_Change_20124-05Demographic-16Change-2015-01-01.pdf pdf] 1.6 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#F0FFF0;" colspan="4"|'''Total Chapter 1 download''': [http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Ch_1_total_2012Ch-06-101_Sustainable_sanitation_a_review.pptx ppt ppt] - 3.6 MB, [http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Chapter_1_2012-06Ch-011_Sustainable_sanitation_a_review.pdf pdf] - 7.7 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Is there one system that suits most conditions or must we choose and combine?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Matching management with technology and local conditions.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.1_Sanitation_arrangements_20121-05Sanitation-01arrangements-20150101.ppt ppt] 9.6 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.1_Sanitation_arrangements_20121-05Sanitation-11arrangements-2015-01-01.pdf pdf] 2.4 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 2.2 <br>'''Major changes over time'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|How does consumption impact on reuse over time? What footprints are left?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Long-term impacts shaping sanitation arrangements and tracing origins of change.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.2_Major_Changes_over_Time_20122-05Major-Changes-over-Time-2015-01-01.ppt ppt] 1.5 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.2_Major_Changes_over_Time_20122-Major-Changes-over-Time-2015-0501-1101.pdf pdf] 1 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 2.3 <br>'''From policy to action'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|What is allowed to do? Do polluters really pay?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Translating guidelines & laws to local action and change.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.3_From_Policy_to_action_20123-05From-Policy-to-action-2015-01-01.ppt ppt] 3.7 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.3_From_Policy_to_Action_20123-From-Policy-to-Action-2015-0501-1501.pdf pdf] 1.8 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 2.4 <br>'''User perspectives'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|What are residents appreciating? Why?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Be sensitized to challenges of bottom-up approaches.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.4_User_perspectives_20124-User-05perspectives-2015-01-01.ppt ppt] 1.4 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.4_User_perspectives_20124-User-perspectives-2015-0501-1101.pdf pdf] 1.6 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 2.5 <br>'''A way forward'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|How to obtain all all the information we need?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Advance selection criteria for sustainable sanitation.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.5_A_way_forward_20125-A-way-forward-2015-0501-01.ppt ppt] 2.5 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.5_A_way_forward_20125-A-way-05forward-112015-01-01.pdf pdf] 2.2 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 2.6 <br>'''Plans and design'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|What difference does good planning and design make?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Opportunities to improve sustainability provided by nature.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.6_Plans_and_Design_20126-Plans-and-Design-052015-01-05.ppt ppt] 3.5 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.6_Plans_and_Design_20126-05Plans-and-Design-2015-01-1101.pdf pdf] 1.2 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 2.7 <br>'''Construction and monitoring'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|What bottlenecks are there for councils and residents?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|The paramount role of good construction for operation.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.7_Construction_and_monitoring__20127_Construction_and_monitoring_2015-0508-0130.ppt ppt] 2.4 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/2.7_Construction_and_monitoring_20127_Construction_and_monitoring_2015-0508-1130.pdf pdf] 2 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#F0FFF0;" colspan="4"|'''Total Chapter 2 download''': [http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Chapter_2_total_2012-06-02Ch_2._San._Management_today_and_in_Future.ppt ppt] 25.9 MB, [http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Chapter_2_total2.7_Construction_and_monitoring_2015-08-30.pdf pdf] 11.9 MB
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====Chapter 3 - Sanitation and public health====
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 3.1 <br>'''Exposure and effects in humans'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Public health as a driving force for sanitation? How are infectious diseases transmitted? What happens if and when we people are exposed to pathogens?|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|The present global situation. Health risks related to sanitation. Pathogens of concern To become familiar with the most important pathogens found in water and sanitation systems. Epidemiology, with the symptoms they cause and with their effect on individuals and populations.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.1_Exposure_and_effects_in_humans_20101-Exposure-and-effects-in-12humans-2015-01-15.ppt ppt] 6 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.1_Exposure_and_effects_in_humans_20101-Exposure-and-12effects-01inhumans-2015-02-15.pdf pdf] 3.6 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 3.2 <br>'''Environmental transmissionof pathogens'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Where do the pathogens we are exposed to come from? How do pathogens in excreta contaminate the environment?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Pathogens To become familiar with environmental transmission routes for pathogens, especially in different waste fractions. Different routes of transmission related relation to water and sanitation. Zoonotic diseases.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.2_Environmental_transmission_2010-09-012_Transmission_of_Pathogens_2.0.ppt ppt] 1.5 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.2_Environmental_transmission_2010-09-012_Transmission_of_Pathogens_2.0.pdf pdf] 2.7 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 3.3 <br>'''Pathogen reduction'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|How persistent are pathogens in the environment? How can we prevent exposure and disease transmission in sanitation systems which involve the agricultural reuse of excreta?|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Persistence To become familiar with the behaviour of microorganisms pathogens in different environments. Treatment options the environment and the effects of treatment and strategies for urine and faeces in theoryminimizing the transmission of disease, esp. Barriers in relation to agricultural reuse systemsuse of excreta.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.3_Pathogen-reduction_2010-09-013_Pathogen_Reduction_2.0.ppt ppt] 0.8 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.3_Pathogen_reduction_2010-09-013_Pathogen_Reduction_2.0.pdf pdf] 2.6 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 3.4 <br>'''Health targets and guidelines'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Which targets can be achieved in relation to exposure and treatment? How are barriers used in guidelines to minimise health risks?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Health targets To become familiar with faecal indicators and the microbial risk concept. Faecal indicators. Options , and to understand their application in guidelines for guidelines reuse of excreta and regulations (WHO)greywater.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.4_Health_targets_and_guidelines_2010-09-014_Health_targets_2.0.ppt ppt] 5.3 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.4_Health_targets_and_guidelines_2010-09-014_Health_targets_2.0.pdf pdf] 5.9 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 3.5 <br>'''Risk management'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Can we measure a risk of disease transmission? How can sanitation systems be evaluated?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Control strategies (barriers) To be aware of how the potential health impacts of sanitation systems can be evaluated and risk management. Systematic evaluations of compared regarding their potential health risksimpact.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.5_Risk_management_2010-09-015_Risk_managment_2.0.ppt ppt] 2.6 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.5_Risk_management_2010-09-015_Risk_managment_2.0.pdf pdf] 10.8 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#F0FFF0;" colspan="4"|'''Total Chapter 3 download''': [http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Ch3_TotalCh_3_total_2.0.ppt ppt] - 16 MB, [http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Ch3_TotalCh_3_total_2.0.pdf pdf] - 10.9 MB
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====Chapter 4 - Sanitation and the environment====
|style="color:black; background-color:green;"|<font color="white">'''Download'''</font>
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 4.1 <br>'''Nutrient Cycles and water cycles in biosphere and societyflows of plant nutrients'''|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|How do plant nutrients and water flow in the biosphere? How have these flows been changed altered by societyhumans?|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Cycles To be familiar with cycles of plant nutrients and water in the biosphere. Flows of nutrients nature and contaminants in excreta/greywater/wastehow various sanitation systems affect these cycles.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.1_Nutrient_and_water_cycles_2010-09-08.ppt ppt] 1.3 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.1_Nutrient_and_water_cycles_2010-09-08.pdf pdf] 1 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 4.2 <br>'''Treatment of excreta for safe reuse'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Can urine and faeces be made Is it safe for to use treated faecal matter in crop cultivation? Can household organic material be incorporatedthe garden?|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Effects How to treat urine and faeces for safe handling and reuse in crop cultivation. Co-treatment of digestion, storage, desiccation, composting, heat & ammonia treatment, incineration on pathogens and fertiliser qualityorganic materials from households.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.2_Treatm_of_excreta_f_safe_reuse_2010-09-08.ppt ppt] 0.7 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.2_Treatm_of_excreta_f_safe_reuse_2010-09-08.pdf pdf] 0.5 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.3_Compost_treatment_2010-09-08.ppt ppt] 0.5 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.3_Compost_treatment_2010-09-08.pdf pdf] 1.7 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 4.4 <br>'''Biogas reactors for treatment- a way to solve sanitation problems.'''|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Why do substances degrade and form How much biogas? What amounts can be producedfrom excreta and biomass? How safe is the process and its sludge?|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|How to manage anaerobic To understand the fundamental processes to obtain in biogas production, and get an overview of biogas. Biogas generation in the world today.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.4_Biogas_reactors_for_treatment_20104_Biogas_2015-0906-0514.ppt ppt] 5.5 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.4_Biogas_reactors_for_treatment_20104_Biogas_2015-0906-0517.pdf pdf] 4.3 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 4.5 <br>'''Greywater is man-made'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Greywater as a resource? What happens with used household chemicals?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|What we add to water while using it. Source control The role of households in homes tackling environmental and industriesresource challenges.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.5_Greywater_is_man5_Greywater_is_man_made_2015-made_201005-09-2018.ppt ppt] 2 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.5_Greywater_is_man-made_20105_Greywater_is_man_made_2015-0905-2018.pdf pdf] 2.5 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 4.6 <br>'''Greywater – processes'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|What compounds can be removed? How can Nature assist or react? What compounds can be removed?|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Be To become familiar with how treatment basics of various physical, chemical and biological processes work and why they function.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.6_Greywater_processes_20106_Greywater_processes_2015-0905-05.ppt ppt] 2.5 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.6_Greywater_processes_20106_Greywater_processes_2015-0905-05.pdf pdf] 4.1 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 4.7 <br>'''Greywater treatment options'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Can we remove all metals and pathogens? What is in the sludge?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Various Get familiar with various treatment options and how they combine physical/ biological/chemical with the application of various processes.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.7_Greywater_treatment_options_20107_Greywater_treatment_2015-06-09-05.ppt ppt] 7.2 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.7_Greywater_treatment_options_20107_Greywater_treatment_2015-0906-0510.pdf pdf] 5.9 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 4.8 <br>'''Excreta fertilisers in agriculture'''
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 4.10 <br>'''Comparisons of sanitation systems'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|How can a dry UD urine diverting toilet system be compared with a conventional system?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Effects on water, climate and various resource use. Cost-benefit analysis.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.10_Comparisons_of_san._systems_2010-09-08.ppt ppt] 0.9 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/4.10_Comparisons_of_san._systems_2010-09-08.pdf pdf] 0.6 MB
<br>
====Chapter 5 - Applications====
{|class="wikitable"
|style="color:black; background-color:green;"|<font color="white">'''Download'''</font>
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 5.1 <br>'''Sanitation, food Phosphorus - Food security and plant nutrientsfood for thought'''|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Does recirculation of human-derived nutrients make a differenceShould we worry about phosphorus? Are there substitutesfor plant nutrients?|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Flow analysis Phosphorus as a resource, and its links to sanitation and to assess potentials of reusing nutrients for future food security. Role of sanitation sector.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/5.1_San._food_sec._plant_nutrients_20101_Phosphorus_and_food_security_2015-0901-0701.ppt ppt] 4.1 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/5.1_San._food_sec._plant_nutrients_20101_Phosphorus_and_food_security_2015-0905-0715.pdf pdf] 2.9 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 5.2. <br>'''Public toilets'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Can public toilets be attractive? Can vandalism be avoided?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|How to plan and implement appreciated sustainable toilets in public places. Design criteria.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/5.2__Public_toilets_20102_Public_toilets_2015-0901-0701.ppt ppt] 6.5 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/5.2_Public_toilets_20102_Public_toilets_2015-0905-0715.pdf pdf] 3.3 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 5.3. <br>'''School toilets'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Can schools inspire good hygiene and promote eco-sanitation?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Function-based design To get acquainted with management and management construction needs of school sanitationtoilets.|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/5.3_School_toilets_20103-08School_toilets_2015-3001-05.ppt ppt] 8.9 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/5.3_School_toilets_20103_School_toilets_2015-0906-0501.pdf pdf] 4 MB|-|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 5.4. <br>'''For emergency'''|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|To be completed|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|To be completed|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"| ppt (inaccessible)<br> pdf (inaccessible)
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|style="color:black; background-color:#F0FFF0;" colspan="4"|'''Total Chapter 5 download''': [http://sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Ch_5_total_2.0.ppt (inaccessible)ppt], [http://sustainablesanitation.info/upload/5.3_School_toilets_2015-06-01.pdf pdf (inaccessible) ]
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<font size="5">Original source</font>
'''<div id="authors">Authors</div>'''
This support material for training of professionals for the sanitation and water sector has been developed by the main authors Jan-Olof Drangert of [http://www.liu.se/?l=en Linköping University] (in Sweden) / Vatema, Caroline Schönning of the [http://www.smittskyddsinstitutet.se/ Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control], and Björn Vinnerås of the [http://www.slu.se/en/ Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences]. The material we first published was created between 2009 - 2012, and more recently an update for most all chapters (except modules 4.1 to 3.3 and 4.8 to 4.10 as well as chapter 4 total) was created in 2015.
[[Image:sourcebook.png|left|200px| link=http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/index.php]]
