[[Image:ferro jars icon.png|right|80px]][[Image:ferrocement water jar finished.jpg|thumb|right|225px200px|The final tank in use. Water is led from the rainwater source into the top of the tank. This may be through a pipe or from buckets taken from smaller tanks where rainwater has been allowed to collect. Photo: [http://aquamor.tripod.com/rainwaterb.htm Building a ferrocement rainwater jar.]]]__NOTOC__ <small-title />
The small ferro-cement tank or pitcher is a simple type of tank with several uses. Firstly it can be used as a triple septic chamber. It can also be used as an [[underground tank]] or domestically for water storage. It can be made in various different sizes as appropriate.
===Suitable conditions===
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="leftnone" width="65%"
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! width="5025%" style="background:#efefef;" | Advantages! width="25%" style="background:#ffdeadf0f8ff;" | Disadvantages
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| valign="top" | - Easy to construct. <br>
| valign="top" | - The storage tank is the most expensive part of a roof rainwater system, and often they cannot hold enough water for whole dry season. Making bigger tanks is possible but more difficult and cost can be too high, which would make them not replicable on a larger scale.<br>
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<br>===Resilience to changes in the environment===
====Drought====
For more information on drought: [[Resilient WASH systems in drought-prone areas]]
===Construction, operations and maintenance===[[Image:water jar frame.jpg|thumb|right|225px200px|The polyethylene pipe frame. Photo: [http://aquamor.tripod.com/rainwaterb.htm Building a ferrocement rainwater jar.]]][[Image:ferrocement water jar.jpg|thumb|right|225px200px|Adding mortar to the base of the tank between the lower joint and the wall. After the chicken wire has been added, at least two layers of cement mortar are built up on the outer tank wall. Photo: [http://aquamor.tripod.com/rainwaterb.htm Building a ferrocement rainwater jar.]]][[Image:remove frame.jpg|thumb|right|225px200px|The frame is removed from inside the tank followed by loose layers of Hessian. Photo: [http://aquamor.tripod.com/rainwaterb.htm Building a ferrocement rainwater jar.]]][[Image:water inlet system.jpg|thumb|right|225px200px|A view of the water inlet system. Photo: [http://aquamor.tripod.com/rainwaterb.htm Building a ferrocement rainwater jar.]]][[Image:smallferro.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Construction of ferro-cement tank in India]]
The tank consists of a concrete base slab, side walls made of ferrocement and a thin lid also made of concrete. A tap is fitted through the lower side wall to deliver the water. The jar uses three 50kg bags of cement together with river sand and pit sand. Fine chicken wire and 3mm plain wire is also used as reinforcing.
The whole tank is allowed to cure and can be painted. Water can then be allowed in from the most convenient source of rainwater. Being made of concrete, the jar will last for many years – a good investment in time and money. If necessary a second jar can be made if more rainwater is required.
===Costs===
* Water jars from brick - US$78 per m3 storage (0.7 m3 for US$55)275.
* Water jars from ferrocement - US$50 - US$97 per m3 storage (3m3 for US$150, 0.5m3 for US$46.5276)
* In Bolivia, the cost of construction of a tank of 200L is about US$10
==Country =Field Experiences== [[Image:smallferro.jpg|thumb|right|225px|Construction of ferro-cement tank in India]]=
Bolivia, India
==Reference manuals=Manuals, videos, and links==={{#ev:youtube|fhlBMNe1qyE|200|right|<font size="2"> <center>Tanks - small ferrocement <br>tank and sink</center></font>}}* Video manual The video on the right shows how to construct make a ferro-cement small (75 liter) ferrocement water tank: http://wwwand a sink for use in the house, EMAS style.blip.tv/file/2448844*[[Solution_of_the_week_8|Akvo solution of the week 8]]* [http://www.lenntech.com/small-community-water-supplies.htm#ixzz2TsbJyNk6 Water supply in small communities], by Lara Fabrizi. Includes how best to manage the planning, construction, and operation and maintenance of water projects or tanks.<br><br><br><br>
===Acknowledgements===* [http://aquamor.tripod.com/rainwaterb.htm Building a ferrocement rainwater jar.]Aquamor.* Buchner, Wolfgang E. [http://georg-ritter.info/wp/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/WATER_FOR_EVERYBODY.pdf EMAS Manual Water for Everybody]. EMAS Water and Basic Sanitation Mobile School. 5th Edition, 2006.* CARE Nederland, ''Desk Study : [[Resilient WASH systems in drought -prone areas]].'' October 2010.
