Changes

This first version of the [http://www.smallreservoirs.org/full/toolkit/index.htm Small Reservoirs Toolkit ] was produced by the Small Reservoirs Project. It is a project of the Challenge Program for Water and Food, sponsored by the German Technical Cooperation (Gesellschaft fuer Technische Zusammenarbeit, GTZ), led by the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) with six partners: Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Embrapa), L’Institute de recherché pour le development (IRD), Stockholm Environment Institution (SEI), Delft University of Technology (TUD), University of Zimbabwe (UZ), Ghana Water Research Institution (WRI). In 2005 the project began with two paired objectives. The basin/watershed level objective is to promote and support the planning, development, and management of small reservoir ensembles. The local/community level objective is to support use of small multi-purpose reservoirs that are properly located, well designed, well maintained and operated to improve the livelihoods of the local residents. A multi-disciplinary team was assembled to develop a set of tools based on socio-economic and biophysical research. The hydrologic, economic, ecological, health, and institutional dimensions of small reservoirs were considered.  By harmonizing the interests of individuals served by small multi-purpose reservoirs and other people living in the basin we will come closer to our paired goals: 1) # to maintain water related ecosystem services, the long-term sustainability of local water supplies, and adequate downstream flows as we make use of small reservoirs and 2) # to improve food security and increase sustainable livelihoods through the use of those small multi-purpose reservoirs.

There are approximately 30 tools and techniques presented in four topic areas[[Image:small reservoirs toolkit.png|thumb|right|200px|Photo: [http://www.smallreservoirs.org smallreservoirs.org]]][[Image:small reservoirs toolkit 2.png|thumb|right|200px|Photo: [http://www.smallreservoirs.org smallreservoirs.org]]][[Image:small reservoirs toolkit 3.png|thumb|right|200px|Photo: [http://www.smallreservoirs.org smallreservoirs.org]]][[Image:small reservoirs toolkit 4.png|thumb|right|200px|Photo: [http://www.smallreservoirs.org smallreservoirs.org]]][[Image:small reservoirs toolkit 5.png|thumb|right|200px|Photo: [http://www.smallreservoirs.org smallreservoirs.org]]][[Image:small reservoirs toolkit 6.png|thumb|right|200px|Photo: [http://www.smallreservoirs.org smallreservoirs.org]]][[Image:small reservoirs toolkit 7.png|thumb|right|200px|Photo: [http://www.smallreservoirs.org smallreservoirs.org]]]

* Intervention Planning; * Storage This [http://www.smallreservoirs.org/full/toolkit/index.htm toolkit] is intended for the use of NGOs, research institutes, universities, donor agencies, multilateral organizations, and Hydrology; * Ecosystems government agencies. These tools are not meant to replace other methods of collecting, storing, and Health; * Institutions presenting knowledge. Information in journal articles, dissertations, theses, and Economicsother literature is often difficult to find and is seldom written for use by practitioners. The purpose of the tools is to make information more accessible and more useful to practitioners. In the tools, references are made to the original documents. And it is expected that the reader will refer to and make use of the original documents where necessary.

This toolkit is intended for the use Some of NGOs, research institutes, universities, donor agencies, multilateral organizations, and government agencies. These these tools are not meant simple and applying them requires nothing more than the desire to replace other methods of collecting, storingtry something new, and presenting knowledgethe drive to ‘get out and do it’. Information in journal articlesUndertaking them effectively requires, dissertationssometimes advanced, thesesfacilitation and communication skills. Here, and other literature is often difficult we have aimed to provide comprehensive accounts of how to find and is seldom written for use by practitionersapply such techniques, with a focus on the requirements of potential facilitators. The purpose Some of the tools is to make information are more accessible complex, and more useful call for significant resources if they are to practitionersbe used effectively. In Here, we have attempted to provide an introduction and orientation to the toolstopic at hand, as well as an introduction to resources that might prove useful to the reader The aim of this toolkit is to present entry points and references are made to the original documentswide ranged topic of ‘Small Reservoirs’ and related research. And it This toolkit is expected that the reader a starting point. Other researchers will refer to and make use additional contributions as part of the on-going process of expanding our knowledge of small reservoirs. References and contact persons are listed at the original documents where necessaryend of each tool.

Some of these '''There are approximately 30 tools are simple and applying them requires nothing more than the desire to try something new, techniques presented in four topic areas:'''* '''Intervention Planning:''' : - Participatory Impact Pathways Analysis: - Stakeholder and Conflict Analysis: - Understanding each other: Creating Common Ground for Dialogue: - Monitoring Change and the drive to ‘get out Adoption – Outcome Mapping* '''Storage and do it’Hydrology:''': a. Undertaking them effectively requires, sometimes advanced, facilitation Reservoir ensembles measurements:: - Reservoirs Inventory Mapping:: - Towards an Atlas of Lakes and communication skills. Here, we have aimed to provide comprehensive accounts Reservoirs in Burkina Faso:: - Small Reservoir Capacity Estimation - Measuring storage - Developing Area Volume relations:: - Near-Real-Time Monitoring of how to apply such techniques, Small Reservoirs with a focus on the requirements Remote Sensing:: - Hydrological Impact Assessment of Ensembles of potential facilitatorsSmall Reservoirs: b. Some Hydrology and physical measures of performance:: - Calibration of the tools are more complex, and call Runoff Models with Remotely Sensed Small Reservoir:: - Rainfall-discharge Relationships for significant resources if they are Monsoonal Climates:: - Deep Seepage Assessment in Small Reservoirs:: - Evaporation Losses from Small Reservoirs:: - Water Quantity Assessment of Silted Up Small Reservoirs:: - 137Cs Radionuclide Tracer Method to be used effectively. Here, we have attempted to provide an introduction Quantify Soil Erosion and Sedimentation at Hillslope and orientation to the topic Reservoir Scale:: - Soil Erosion Modeling at hand, as well as an introduction Small Reservoir Scale by WaTEM/SEDEM:: - Bathymetric Survey by Depth-sonar and Lake Sediment Coring by Beeker Sampler to resources that might prove useful to the reader The aim Identify Sediment Budges and Siltation Rates of this toolkit is to present entry points Small Reservoirs* '''Ecosystems and Health:''' : - Participatory Health Impact Assessment: - Health Questionnaires: - Epidemiological Survey: - Vector Studies: - Water Quality Assessment: - Cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins and potential health hazards in tropical small reservoirs: - Agricultural Intensification and Ecological Threats around Small Reservoirs: - Small Reservoirs Water Quality Monitoring using Plankton Abundance and Diversity: - Indicators: - Environmental Flows in Small Reservoir Systems: - Fisheries* '''Institutions and references to the wide ranged topic of ‘Small Reservoirs’ Economics:''': a. Water Allocation:: - Water Evaluation and related researchPlanning (WEAP) (incl. This toolkit is a starting pointPEST – Parameter Estimation Tool):: - Financial Accounting Model:: - Water-Limited Yield Model:: - Small Reservoir Water Allocation Strategy Water Productivity Based Water Allocation: b. Other researchers will make additional contributions as part Institutions and Governance:: - Institutions and Governance of the onSmall Reservoir Water Resources:: -going process of expanding our knowledge of small reservoirs. References Net-Map (Influence Network Mapping):: - Social Capital:: - Rural Livelihoods and contact persons are listed at the end Access to Resources in Relation to Small Reservoirs: A Description of each tool.Tools Used - in Brazil’s Preto River Basin

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