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'''Pre-treatment is the preliminary removal of wastewater or sludge constituents, such as oil, grease, and various solids (e.g., sand, fibres and trash). Built before a Conveyance or Treatment technology, pre-treatment units can retard the accumulation of solids and minimize subsequent blockages. They can also help reduce abrasion of mechanical parts and extend the life of the sanitation infrastructure.'''
===References===
* Crites, R. and Tchobanoglous, G. (1998). Small and Decentralized Wastewater Management Systems. WCB/McGraw-Hill, New York, US. * Morel, A. and Diener, S. (2006Book). Greywater Management in Low and Middle-Income Countries. Review of Different Treatment Systems for Households or Neighbourhoods. Eawag (Department Sandec), Dübendorf, CH.:Available at: [http://www.sandec.ch sandec.ch]
* RobbinsMorel, D. MA. and LigonDiener, G.CS. (20142006). How to Design Wastewater [https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/947 Greywater Management in Low and Middle-Income Countries]. Review of Different Treatment Systems for Local Conditions in Developing CountriesHouseholds or Neighbourhoods. IWA PublishingEawag (Department Sandec), LondonDübendorf, UKCH.
* TchobanoglousRobbins, G., Burton, FD. LM. and StenselLigon, HG. DC. (20042014). How to Design Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and ReuseSystems for Local Conditions in Developing Countries. IWA Publishing, Metcalf & EddyLondon, 4th EdUK. (Internat. Ed.Book). McGraw-Hill, New York, US.
* UlrichTchobanoglous, AG. (Ed.), ReuterBurton, SF. (EdL.)and Stensel, Gutterer, BH. D. (Ed.2004), Sasse, L.Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, PanzerbieterMetcalf & Eddy, T4th Ed. and Reckerzügel, T(Internat. (2009)Ed. Decentralised Wastewater Treatment Systems (DEWATS) and Sanitation in Developing Countries. A Practical Guide. WEDC, Loughborough UniversityMcGraw-Hill, LeicestershireNew York, UKUS.(Book)
* Wastewater Solutions for DevelopmentUlrich, A. (Ed.), Reuter, S. (Ed.), Gutterer, B. (Ed.), Sasse, L., Panzerbieter, T. and Reckerzügel, T. (2009).:[httphttps://watsanexpwedc-knowledge.lboro.ningac.comuk/resources/pagebooks/pretreatmentandDEWATS_-grease watsanexp_Chapter_01.ningpdf Decentralised Wastewater Treatment Systems (DEWATS) and Sanitation in Developing Countries.com/page/pretreatmentand-greaseA Practical Guide] (last accessed February 2014). WEDC, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK.
===Acknowledgements===
{{:Acknowledgements Sanitation}}
