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[[Image:Icon_leach_field.png |right|95px80px]]'''A Leach Field, or drainage field, is a network perforated pipes that are laid in underground gravel-filled trenches to dissipate the effluent froma water-based Collection and Storage/Treatment or (Semi-) Centralized Treatment technology.'''

Effluent '''A leach field, or drainage field, is fed into a distribution box which directs the flow into several parallel channels. A small dosing system releases the pressurized effluent into the Leach Field on a timer (usually 3 to 4 times a day). This ensures that the whole length network of the Leach Field is utilized and perforated pipes that aerobic conditions are allowed to recover between dosings. Each trench is 0.3 laid in underground gravel- filled trenches to 1.5m deep and 0.3 to 1m wide. The bottom of each trench is filled with about 15cm of clean rock and a perforated distribution pipe is laid overtop. More rock covers dissipate the pipe so that it is completely surrounded. The layer of rock is covered with effluent from a layer of geotextile fabric to prevent small particles from plugging the pipe. A final layer of sand water-based Collection andStorage/Treatment or topsoil covers the fabric and fills the trench to the ground level. The pipe should be placed 15cm from the surface to prevent effluent from surfacing. The trenches should be dug no longer than 20m in length at least 1 to 2m apart.(Semi-) Centralized Treatment technology'''

- Can be used for the combined treatment and disposal of blackwater and greywater. <br> effluent- Has a long lifespan of 20 or more years (depending on conditions). <br> - Low to moderate maintenance requirements if operating without mechanical equipment- Relatively low capital cost, costs; low operating cost. costs| con=- Requires expert design and construction. <br> - Requires a large area (on a per person basis). <br> - Not all parts and materials may be locally available locally. <br> - Requires a large area <br>- Pretreatment Primary treatment is required to prevent clogging. <br> - May negatively affect soil and groundwater properties.

==Adequacy=Appropriateness=== Leach fields require a large area and unsaturated soil with good absorptive capacity to effectively dissipate the effluent. Due to potential oversaturation of the soil, leach fields are not appropriate for dense urban areas. They can be used in almost every temperature, although there may be problems with pooling effluent in areas where the ground freezes. Homeowners who have a leach field must be aware of how it works and of their maintenance responsibilities. Trees and deep-rooted plants should be kept away from the leach field as they can crack and disturb the tile bed

Leach Fields require a large area ===Health Aspects/Acceptance=== Since the technology is underground and soil requires little attention, users will rarely come in contact with good absorptive capacity to effectively dissipate the effluentand, therefore, it has no health risk. The leach field must be kept as far away as possible (at least 30 m) from any potentialpotable water source to avoid contamination.

To prevent contamination===Operation & Maintenance=== A leach field will become clogged over time, although this may take 20 or more years, if a well-maintained and well-functioning primary treatment technology is in place. Effectively, a Leach Field leach field should require minimal maintenance; however, if the system stops working efficiently, the pipes should be located 30m away from a drinking water supplycleaned and/or removed and replaced. Leach fields are not appropriate for dense urban areas. They can be used in almost every temperatureTo maintain the leach field, although there may should be no plants or trees on it. There should also be problems with pooling effluent in areas where no heavy traffic above it because this could crush the pipes or compact the ground freezessoil.

Homeowners who have a ===Upgrading===A Leach Field must should be aware of how laid out such that it works and what their maintenance responsibilities arewould not interfere with a future sewer connection. Trees and deep-rooted plants should be kept away from The collection technology which precedes the Leach Field as they can crack and disturb the tile bed(e.g. ==Health Aspects/Acceptance== Since the technology is underground and it requires little attention[[Septic Tank]]) should be equipped with a sewer connection so that if, or when, users will rarely come in contact with the effluent and so it should pose no health risk. The Leach Field must needs to be kept as far away as possible from (>30m) any potential potable water sources to avoid contaminationreplaced, the changeover can be done with minimal disruption.

==Upgrading=References===* Crites, R. and Tchobanoglous, G. (1998). Small and Decentralized Wastewater Management Systems. WCB/McGraw-Hill, New York, US. pp. 905-927. (Book)

* Morel, A Leach Field should be laid out such that it would not interfere with a future sewer connection. The collection technology which precedes the Leach Field and Diener, S. (e2006). [https://www.susana.gorg/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/947 Greywater Management in Low and Middle-Income Countries. [[Septic Tank]Review of Different Treatment Systems for Households or Neighbourhoods]. Eawag (Department Sandec) should be equipped with a sewer connection so that if, or when, the Leach Field needs to be replacedDübendorf, the changeover can be done with minimal disruptionCH.

A Leach Field will become clogged over time, although with a well* U.S. EPA (1980). [https://www.epa.gov/septic/onsite-functioning prewastewater-treatment technology, this should take many years-and-disposal-systems Design Manual. Effectively, a Leach Field should require minimal maintenance, however if the system stops working efficiently, the pipes should be cleaned Onsite Wastewater Treatment andDisposal Systems]. EPA 625/or removed and replaced1-80-012. U.S. To maintain the Leach FieldEnvironmental Protection Agency, there should be no plants or trees above it and no heavy trafficCincinnati, OH, which may crush the pipes or compact the soilUS.

===Acknowledgements===