Akvopedia-spade, akvouser, bot, bureaucrat, emailconfirmed, smwadministrator, smwcurator, susana-working-group-susana-member, administrator, widget editor
697
edits
Changes
→References
sys2=|
sys3=|
sys7=|
sys8=|
sys9=|
pic=Leach_field.png|
ApplHousehold=XX|
ManPublic=X|
Input1=Effluent |Input2= |Input3=| Input4=|Input5=|
Output1= None |Output2= | Output3= | Output4= | Output5=
}}
|[[Image:Leach_field.png |right|500px]]
|}
<br>
----
<br>
[[Image:Icon_leach_field.png |right|80px]]
'''A Leach Fieldleach field, or drainage field, is a network of perforated pipes that are laid in underground gravel-filled trenches to dissipate the effluent froma from a water-based Collection and Storage/Treatment or (Semi-) Centralized Treatment technology.'''
===Design Considerations===
Each trench is 0.3 to 1.5 m deep and 0.3 to 1 m wide. The bottom of each trench is filled with about 15 cm of clean rock and a perforated distribution pipe is laid on top. More rock is placed to cover the pipe. A layer of geotextile fabric is placed on the rock layer to prevent small particles from plugging the pipe. A final layer of sand and/or topsoil covers the fabric and fills the trench to the ground level. The pipe should be placed at least 15 cm beneath the surface to prevent effluent from surfacing. The trenches should be dug no longer than 20 m in length and at least 1 to 2 m apart. To prevent contamination, a leach field should be located at least 30 m away from any drinking water source. A leach field should be laid out such that
it will not interfere with a future sewer connection. The collection technology which precedes the leach field (e.g., Septic Tank, S.9) should be equipped with a sewer connection so that if, or when, the leach field needs to be replaced, the changeover can be done with minimal disruption.
<br>
{{procontable | pro=
- Can be used for the combined treatment and disposal of blackwater and greywater. <br> effluent- Has a long lifespan of 20 or more years (depending on conditions). <br> - Low to moderate maintenance requirements if operating without mechanical equipment- Relatively low capital cost, costs; low operating cost. costs| con=- Requires expert design and construction. <br> - Requires a large area (on a per person basis). <br> - Not all parts and materials may be locally available locally. <br> - Requires a large area <br>- Pretreatment Primary treatment is required to prevent clogging. <br> - May negatively affect soil and groundwater properties.
}}
===Appropriateness===
Leach fields require a large area and unsaturated soil with good absorptive capacity to effectively dissipate the effluent. Due to potential oversaturation of the soil, leach fields are not appropriate for dense urban areas. They can be used in almost every temperature, although there may be problems with pooling effluent in areas where the ground freezes. Homeowners who have a leach field must be aware of how it works and of their maintenance responsibilities. Trees and deep-rooted plants should be kept away from the leach field as they can crack and disturb the tile bed
==Adequacy=Health Aspects/Acceptance=== Since the technology is underground and requires little attention, users will rarely come in contact with the effluent and, therefore, it has no health risk. The leach field must be kept as far away as possible (at least 30 m) from any potentialpotable water source to avoid contamination.
===Upgrading===
A Leach Field should be laid out such that it would not interfere with a future sewer connection. The collection technology which precedes the Leach Field (e.g. [[Septic Tank]]) should be equipped with a sewer connection so that if, or when, the Leach Field needs to be replaced, the changeover can be done with minimal disruption.
==Maintenance=References=== A Leach Field will become clogged over time* Crites, although with a well-functioning pre-treatment technologyR. and Tchobanoglous, this should take many yearsG. (1998). Effectively, a Leach Field should require minimal maintenance, however if the system stops working efficiently, the pipes should be cleaned Small andDecentralized Wastewater Management Systems. WCB/or removed and replaced. To maintain the Leach FieldMcGraw-Hill, there should be no plants or trees above it and no heavy trafficNew York, which may crush the pipes or compact the soilUS. ==References==pp. 905-927. (Book)
* Elizabeth Tilley etMorel, A. and Diener, S.al (20082006). [httphttps://www.eawagsusana.chorg/organisationen/abteilungenknowledge-hub/sandecresources-and-publications/publikationenlibrary/publications_sespdetails/downloads_sesp/compendium_high947 Greywater Management in Low and Middle-Income Countries.pdf Compendium Review of Sanitation Different Treatment Systems and Technologiesfor Households or Neighbourhoods] . Eawag ([http://www.eawag.ch/organisation/abteilungen/sandec/publikationen/publications_sesp/downloads_sesp/compendium_low.pdf low res version]). Department of Water and Sanitation in Development Countries ([http://www.sandec.ch/ Sandec]) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf, CH. (Provides a full overview of sanitation systems.)
* CritesPolprasert, RC. and TchobanoglousRajput, GV. S. (19981982). Small [https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and Decentralized Wastewater Management -publications/library/details/2995 Environmental Sanitation Reviews: Septic Tank and Septic Systems]. WCB and McGraw-HillEnvironmental Sanitation Information Center, AIT, New YorkBangkok, USA. pp 905–927TH.
* Polprasert, CU. and Rajput, VSS. EPA (19821980). Environmental Sanitation Reviews[https: Septic Tank //www.epa.gov/septic/onsite-wastewater-treatment-and Septic -disposal-systems Design Manual. Onsite Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems]. EPA 625/1-80-012. U.S. Environmental Sanitation Information CenterProtection Agency, AITCincinnati, BangkokOH, ThailandUS.
