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<!{|style="float: left;"|{{Language-box|english_link=Fill_and_Cover_- table at top of page with logo, picture, Application level, Management level, and input-output tables -->_Arborloo|french_link=Arborloo|spanish_link=Relleno_y_Cubierta/Arborloo|hindi_link=coming soon|malayalam_link=coming soon|tamil_link=coming soon | korean_link=coming soon | chinese_link=Coming soon | indonesian_link=Coming soon | japanese_link=Coming soon}}|}

Input1=Excreta|Input2=Faeces |Input3=Compost/EcoHumus Organics | Input4= Anal Cleansing Water |Input5=Dry Cleansing Materials|Output1=- Biomass |Output2= | Output3= | Output4= | Output5=|english_link=Fill_and_Cover_-_Arborloo|french_link=Arborloo|spanish_link=Relleno_y_Cubierta/Arborloo

|[[Image:Fill_and_cover_arborloo.png |right|300px500px]]

<br>----<br> [[Image:Icon_fill_and_cover_arborloo.png |right|95px80px]] '''When To decommission a pit is full, it can simply be filled with soil and covered. Although there is no benefit recovered, the full pit poses no immediate health risk, and with time, the contents will degrade naturallyover time. Alternatively, the ‘Arborloo’ Arborloo is a shallow pit that is filled with excreta and soil/ash and then covered with soil; a tree planted on top will grow vigorously in of the nutrient-rich pitwill grow vigorously.'''

When a single pit [[Single Pit]] (S.2) or a single [[Single Ventilated Improved Pit|Single VIP ]] (S.3) is full, and can not cannot be emptied, Fill “fill and Covercover”, i.e. , filling the remainder of the pit and covering it is an option, albeit one with limited benefits to the environment and the user. The Arborloo is a shallow pit on which a tree can be planted after it is full, while the superstructure, ring beam and slab are moved to a new pit. Before the Arborloo is used, a layer of leaves is put on the bottom of the empty pit. A cup of soil, ash or a mixture of the two should be dumped into the userpit to cover excreta after each defecation. If they are available, leaves can also occasionally be added to improve the porosity and air content of the pile. When the pit is full (usually every 6 to 12 months), the top 15 cm is filled with soil and a tree is planted. Banana, papaya and guava trees (among many) have all proven to be successful.

In ===Design Considerations=== An Arborloo is only an option if the Arborloo, site is suitable for a tree is planted on top of to grow. Therefore, when selecting the full pit while location, users should already take the superstructurespace and site conditions required for a new tree into account (e.g., ring beam and slab are continuously moved from pit distance to pit in an endless cycle (usually moved once every 6 to12 monthshouses). A shallow pit is needed, about 1m 1 m deep, is needed for an Arborloo. The pit It should not be lined as the any lining would prevent the tree or plant from properly growing properly. Before the pit is used, a layer of leaves is put into the bottom. After each defecation, a cup of soil, ash or a mixture should be dumped into the pit to cover the excreta. If they are available, leaves can also be added occasionally to improve the porosity and air content of the pile. When the pit is full, the top 15cm of the pit is filled with soil and a tree is planted in the soil. Banana, papaya and guava trees (among many) have all proven to be successful. A tree should not be planted , however, directly in the raw excreta. The tree starts to grow It should be planted in the soil and on top of the pit, allowing its roots to penetrate the composting pits pit contents as it grows. It may be best to wait for the rainy season before planting it if water is scarce. Other plants such as tomatoes and pumpkins can also be planted on top of the pit if trees are not available.

<br>{{procontable | proborder="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="none"|-! width="50%" style="background:#efefef;" | Advantages! style="background:#f0f8ff;" | Disadvantages|-| valign="top" |- Simple technique Technique simple to apply for all users. <br> - Low cost. costs <br> - Low risk of pathogen transmission. <br> - May encourage income generation (tree planting and fruit production). <br>| convalign="top" |- Labour intensive.New pit must be dug; the old pit cannot be re-used <br>}- Covering a pit or planting a tree does not eliminate the risk of groundwater contamination|}

===Appropriateness=== Filling and covering pits a pit is an adequate solution when emptying is not possible and when there is space to continuously re-dig and fill new pits. The Arborloo can be applied in rural, peri-urban, and even denser areas if enough space is available. Planting a tree in the abandoned pit is a good way to reforest an area, provide a sustainable source of fresh fruit and prevent people from falling into old pit sites. Other plants such as tomatoes and pumpkins can also be planted on top of the pit if trees are not available. Depending on the local conditions, however, the content of a covered pit or Arborloo could contaminate groundwater resources until it is entirely decomposed.

===Health Aspects/Acceptance=== There is minimal risk of infection if the pit is properly covered and clearly marked. It may be preferable to cover the pit and to plant a tree rather than emptying it, especially if there is no appropriate technology available to remove and treat the faecal sludge. Users do not come in contact with the faecal material and, thus, there is a very low risk of pathogen transmission. Arborloo demonstration projects that allow for the participation of community members are useful ways to display the ease of the system, its inoffensive nature,and the nutrient value of human excreta.

There is a minimal risk ===Operation & Maintenance=== A cup of infection if the pit is properly covered soil and clearly marked. It may /or ash should be preferable added to cover the pit after each defecation and plant a tree rather than have leaves should be periodically added. Also, the contentsof the pit emptied, especially if there is no appropriate technology available for treating should be periodically levelled to prevent a cone shape from forming in the faecal sludgemiddle. Users do not come in contact There is little maintenance associated with the faecal material and thus there is a very low risk closed pit other than taking care of pathogen transmissionthe tree or plant. Trees planted in abandoned pits should be regularly watered. Demonstration projects that allow community members to participate are useful ways of showing both the ease A small fence of the system, it’s inoffensive nature, sticks and sacks should be constructed around the nutrient value of composted excretasapling to protect it from animals.

==Maintenance=References===

A cup of soil and* Hebert, P. (2010). [https://or ash should be added to the pit after each defecation and leaves should be added periodicallywww.crs. Also, the contents org/sites/default/files/tools-research/rapid-assessment-of the pit should be periodically levelled to prevent a coneshape from forming -crs-experience-with-arborloos-in the middle -east-africa.pdf Rapid Assessment of the pit. There is little maintenance associated CRS Experience with a closed pit other than taking care of the tree or plantArborloos in East Africa]. If a tree is planted in the abandoned pitCatholic Relief Service (CRS), Baltimore, it should be watered regularly. A small-fence should be constructed with sticks and sacks around the sapling to protect it from animalsUS.

==Acknowledgements=={{* Morgan, P. R. (2004). [https:Acknowledgements //www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/986 An Ecological Approach to Sanitation}}in Africa. A Compilation of Experiences]. Aquamor, Harare, ZW. Chapter 10: The Usefulness of Urine.

==References * Morgan, P. R. (2007). [https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and external links==-publications/library/details/195 Toilets That Make Compost. Low-Cost, Sanitary Toilets That Produce Valuable Compost for Crops in an African Context]. Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, SE. pp. 81-90.

* Morgan, P. R. (20072009). [https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/989 Ecological Toilets that make compost. Start Simple and Upgrade from Arborloo to VIP]. Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. pp 81–90. Available: http://wwwSE.ecosanres.org

* Morgan, P. NWP (20042006). An Ecological Approach to [https://www.ircwash.org/resources/smart-sanitation-solutions-examples-innovative-low-cost-technologies-toilets-collection Smart Sanitation in Africa: A Compilation Solutions. Examples of Experiences. AquamorInnovative, Low-Cost Technologies for Toilets, Collection, HarareTransportation, ZimbabweTreatment and Use of Sanitation Products]. Chapter 10 – Netherlands Water Partnership, The usefulness of urineHague, NL. Available: http://wwwp.ecosanres51.org

* NWP (2006). Smart ===Acknowledgements==={{:Acknowledgements Sanitation Solutions. Examples of innovative, low-cost technologies for toilets, collection, transportation, treatment and use of sanitation products. Netherlands Water Partnership, The Netherlands. pp 51.}}