Akvopedia-spade, akvouser, bot, bureaucrat, emailconfirmed, smwadministrator, smwcurator, susana-working-group-susana-member, administrator, widget editor
697
edits
Changes
→References
{|width="100%"
|style="width:50%;"|{{santable_new|
sys7=|
sys8=|
sys9=|
pic=Application_of_dehydrated_faeces.png|
ApplHousehold=XX|
Input1=Dried Faeces |Input2= |Input3= | Input4= |Input5=|
Output1=Biomass |Output2= | Output3= | Output4= | Output5=
}}
|[[Image:Application_of_dehydrated_faeces.png |right|300px500px]]
|}
<br>
----
[[Image:Icon_application_of_dehydrated_faeces.png |right|80px]]
'''When faeces are stored in the absence of moisture (i.e., urine), they dehydrate into a crumbly, white-beige, coarse, flaky material or powder. The moisture naturally present in the faeces evaporates and/or is absorbed by the drying material (e.g., ash, sawdust, lime) that is added to them. Dried faeces can be used as a soil conditioner.'''
Dehydration is different from composting because the organic material present is not degraded or transformed; only the moisture is removed. Faeces will reduce in volume by about 75% after dehydration. Completely dry faeces are a crumbly, powdery substance. The shells and carcasses of worms and insects in the faeces also dehydrate and become part of the dried material. The material is rich in carbon and nutrients, but may still contain protozoan cysts or oocysts (spores that can survive extreme environmental conditions and
* Austin, A. and Duncker, L. (2002). Urine-Diversion. Ecological Sanitation Systems in South Africa. CSIR, Pretoria, ZA.
* Rieck, C., von Münch, E. and Hoffmann, H. (2012). [https://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/874 Technology Review of Urine-Diverting Dry Toilets (UDDTs). Overview of Design, Operation, Management and Costs]. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Eschborn, DE.:Available at: * Schönning, C. and Stenström, T. A. (2004). [httphttps://www.susana.org/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library susana.org/librarydetails/201 Guidelines for the Safe Use of Urine and Faeces in Ecological Sanitation Systems]. Report 2004-1. EcoSanRes, Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, SE.
* Schönning, CWHO (2006). and Stenström, T[https://www. A. (2004)who. int/water_sanitation_health/publications/gsuweg4/en/ Guidelines for the Safe Use of Urine Wastewater, Excreta and Faeces Greywater. Volume 4: Excreta and Greywater Use in Ecological Sanitation SystemsAgriculture]. Report 2004-1. EcoSanRes, Stockholm Environment InstituteWorld Health Organization, StockholmGeneva, SE.:Available at: [http://www.ecosanres.org ecosanresCH.org]
* WHO (2006)Winblad, U. Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewaterand Simpson-Hébert, Excreta and GreywaterM. Volume 4: Excreta and Greywater Use in Agriculture(Eds. World Health Organization, Geneva, CH) (2004).:Available at: [httphttps://www.whosusana.int whoorg/en/knowledge-hub/resources-and-publications/library/details/487 Ecological Sanitation]. Revised and Enlarged Edition. Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, SE.int]
* Winblad, U. and Simpson-Hébert, M. (Eds.) (2004). Ecological Sanitation. Revised and Enlarged Edition. Stockholm Environment Institute, Stockholm, SE.:Available at: [http://www.ecosanreswho.org ecosanres.orgint/water_sanitation_health/publications/guidelines-on-sanitation-and-health/en/ WHO: Guidelines on sanitation and health - 2018]
===Acknowledgements===
{{:Acknowledgements Sanitation}}
