|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Public health as a driving force for sanitation? How are infectious diseases transmitted? What happens if and when we are exposed to pathogens?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|The present global situation. Health risks related to sanitation. Pathogens of concern in water and sanitation systems. Epidemiology.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.1_Exposure_and_effects_in_humans_20101-Exposure-and-12effects-in-humans-2015-01-15.ppt ppt] 6 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.1_Exposure_and_effects_in_humans_20101-Exposure-and-12effects-01inhumans-2015-02-15.pdf pdf] 3.6 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 3.2 <br>'''Environmental transmission'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Where do the pathogens we are exposed to come from? How do pathogens in excreta contaminate the environment?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Pathogens in different waste fractions. Different routes of transmission related to water and sanitation. Zoonotic diseases.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.2_Environmental_transmission_2010-09-012_Transmission_of_Pathogens_2.0.ppt ppt] 1.5 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.2_Environmental_transmission_2010-09-012_Transmission_of_Pathogens_2.0.pdf pdf] 2.7 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 3.3 <br>'''Pathogen reduction'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|How persistent are pathogens in the environment? How can we prevent exposure and disease transmission in sanitation systems which involve the agricultural reuse of excreta?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Persistence of microorganisms in different environments. Treatment options for urine and faeces in theory. Barriers in agricultural reuse systems.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.3_Pathogen-reduction_2010-09-013_Pathogen_Reduction_2.0.ppt ppt] 0.8 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.3_Pathogen_reduction_2010-09-013_Pathogen_Reduction_2.0.pdf pdf] 2.6 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 3.4 <br>'''Health targets and guidelines'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Which targets can be achieved in relation to exposure and treatment? How are barriers used in guidelines to minimise health risks?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Health targets and the microbial risk concept. Faecal indicators. Options for guidelines and regulations (WHO).
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.4_Health_targets_and_guidelines_2010-09-014_Health_targets_2.0.ppt ppt] 5.3 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.4_Health_targets_and_guidelines_2010-09-014_Health_targets_2.0.pdf pdf] 5.9 MB
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|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Module 3.5 <br>'''Risk management'''
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Can we measure a risk of disease transmission? How can sanitation systems be evaluated?
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|Control strategies (barriers) and risk management. Systematic evaluations of health risks.
|style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;"|[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.5_Risk_management_2010-09-015_Risk_managment_2.0.ppt ppt] 2.6 MB<br>[http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/3.5_Risk_management_2010-09-015_Risk_managment_2.0.pdf pdf] 10.8 MB
|-
|style="color:black; background-color:#F0FFF0;" colspan="4"|'''Total Chapter 3 download''': [http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Ch3_TotalCh_3_total_2.0.ppt ppt] - 16 MB, [http://www.sustainablesanitation.info/upload/Ch3_TotalCh_3_total_2.0.pdf pdf] - 10.9 MB
|}
====Chapter 4 - Sanitation and the environment====
