Approaches under construction

THIS IS NOT THE ACTUAL APPROACHES PAGE

This page is for construction purposes only. You can find the actual page at Portal: Approaches

The Approaches portal contains information on product development, service delivery, finance, promotion, and support systems. This is a very complex and rich field, and at this moment Akvopedia has only a limited number of articles in this Portal, although the number is growing. We need your help! We are now working on a Toolbox toolbox for local governments.

To give some indication as to the status, there are three types of icons. Subjects which have a picture icon are well under way. Subjects with an 'under development' icon are rudimentary, but some content is there. Subjects with an 'Empty' logo are still completely empty, apart from the article template.

Product / service development	Service delivery approaches	Financing	Promotion / Demand stimulation	Support systems / Enabling environment
Appropriate Technology checklist Business development toolkit Product development Technology Demonstration Centers Design for the other 90 procent How to reduce product costs Aprotec	Self-service and self improvement Community controlled water provider Small private water provider Franchised water treatment and sales Micro enterprises Social businesses Supply chain development Private utility water supply Subcontracting by utilities and municipal companies Municipal water supply Regional schemes - regional companies Municipal water supply Central government managed systems Decentralized government managed NGO and Donor supported projects Programs of line departments of Ministries School sanitation	Fundraising Self-financing Full capital investment by donor funds or government Cost sharing for capital investment Cost recovery for operation and maintenance Pay and use toilet - public bath houses Loans - credit - guarantees Grants Microfinance Build Own Operate and Transfer (BOOT) Revolving funds Social development funds Cross subsidies - Differential tariff systems Voucher systems Value chain development Output based aid Revenue financed expansion Improving financial efficiency Internet-based donation systems	Hygiene and Health focused promotion Multiple use promotion for water Participatory approaches Community-Led Total Sanitation Promoting re-use of sanitation products Social Marketing Using the media Market development Traditional Marketing Smart Tech Centers Demonstration projects Demand responsive approach Gender sensitive approach	Community approaches Legislation and control Water - Sanitation and Health Advocacy Market creation approaches Public-Private Partnership approaches Association of service providers Supply chain organization Institutional support systems Knowledge and information support systems Franchising Institutional and organizational reform Learning alliances Capacity development Networking for capacity development Joint learning projects Fighting corruption

Acknowledgements

• The categories in this portal, as well as most of the subjects, are adapted from the “Landscaping of Approaches to Support Service Provision of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene” (2006) prepared by Cranfield University, AguaConsult and the IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.

• An extra column "Product / Service development" was added, to reflect the importance of starting with the definition of the intended product / service.