Ceramic filter
A new alternative to conventional ceramic candle filters is the CSP filter. This model has a pot-shaped ceramic filtering element that is treated with colloidal silver. It has a bigger capacity and is easier to produce locally than candle filters. Also leakages are easier to detect than in candle filters so there is less risk in use.
Evaluations, including a USAID-funded test in Nicaragua, indicate that CSP filters remove turbidity and harmful bacteria that cause diarrhoea, cholera and other waterborne diseases. Maintenance consists of cleaning with a brush and changing the ceramic element every 2-3 years. If filled twice a day the filter produces enough for a family of six.
Field studies have shown that investment in a filter is "paid back" within 3 to 6 months because of savings on expenses for medicines, fuel wood and labour. In Nicaragua, Guatemala and Cambodia the production of this filter is a commercial activity and production is starting up in six other countries.
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Bigger capacity and safer than candle filters. |
Capacity
10-20 litres/day.
Costs
Complete filter (off-factory): US$ 8 in Cambodia US$ 10-15 in Nicaragua.
Applying conditions
- Numbers: 150,000 in Central America, Asia and Africa.
- Applied by: CARE, UNICEF, Red Cross and others.
- Cost of introduction: US$ 15,000 - 30,000 for project incl. training, machinery and a first production of 500 filters. US$ 50,000 - 100,000 for project incl. production shop, training, first promotion, and 5,000 filters
External links
www.who.org www.potpaz.org www.elfiltron.com s189535770.onlinehome.us/pottersforpeace/?page_id=125
