地表水(中文)

Revision as of 03:16, 5 September 2015 by Jayjay 1408 (talk | contribs) (Chinese Translation of 'Surface Water')

(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Revision as of 03:16, 5 September 2015 by Jayjay 1408 (talk | contribs) (Chinese Translation of 'Surface Water')

(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
English Français Español മലയാളം


한국어 中國 Indonesia Japanese

那些没有被人们直接获取的,没有被用于农业灌溉或被土地吸收的雨水就成为地表水。地表水收集是以各种方式收集水资源,储存在露天池塘和水库中。包括收集储存的暴风雨后的地表径流,间断的溪流、河流或湿地水源。这些水可以直接用于日常(通常需要处理)、灌溉、畜牧和农业。收集也是为了储存。地表水可以储存在露天的水库,或让水直接渗入地下含水层。和露天水库系统不同,含水层里的水因不易蒸发可以更好地存留下来。

气候变化因素
在旱季,用水泥修建的集水装置可能会出现质量问题,原因之一是用于水泥生产的水源不足或已被污染。气候变暖会升高水库的蒸发率,洪水也可能毁坏基础设施并增加雨水径流流量。这些或更多的影响和相应的调整建议均已列出。


实地经验

Really Simple Reporting (RSR)中列举的工程,部分已采用地表水收集技术。更多请参见Akvo.org

关于地表水的链接

  • Rainwater Harvesting and Utilisation. Blue Drop Series: Book 2: Beneficiaries & Capacity Builders. UN-HABITAT.
  • CARE Nederland, Desk Study Resilient WASH systems in drought prone areas. October 2010.
  • 更多有关农业用水的维基百科:农业百科