Akvopedia-spade, akvouser, bot, bureaucrat, emailconfirmed, smwadministrator, smwcurator, susana-working-group-susana-member, administrator, widget editor
697
edits
Changes
→Links
[[Image:Closing.png|thumb|right|150px| Part of the poster [http://www.ecosanres.org/images/foldercover500pixwide.gif Closing the loop on Sanitation], produced by [http://www.ecosanres.org EcoSanRes].]]
[[Image:closingUrban.png|thumb|right|150px| Part of the poster [http://www.ecosanres.org/images/Poster-ClosingTheLoop-Urban-large.jpg Closing the loop on Sanitation in Urban areas], produced by [http://www.ecosanres.org EcoSanRes].]]
===Introduction===Human faeces and urine contain a large amount of nutrients, which can be used in agriculture for crop irrigation, for fish aquaculture, or aquatic vegetable pond fertilization. In many cultures, for example the Chinese, the idea that 'waste is too valuable to waste' is well known, and <span class="plainlinks">[http://www.bestpills4weightloss.com/<span style="color:black;font-weight:normal; text-decoration:none!important;background:none!important; text-decoration:none;">best weight loss pills</span>] has been practiced for centuries. In many other cultures however, sanitation products are hardly used for productive use, although interest <span class="plainlinks">[http://www.phuketproperty.com/ <span style="color:black;font-weight:normal; text-decoration:none!important; background:none!important; text-decoration:none;">House in Phuket</span>] is growing. Especially the 'Ecological Sanitation (EcoSan)' movement (also called 'sustainable sanitation') has led to more interest in this field. When sanitation products are reused, great care has to be given to dealing with the potential health and environmental risks of human waste products.
Large-scale sewerage-based systems have significant drawbacks. Enormous investments are needed, operating and maintenance costs are very high, the water consumption is very large, and a large volume of waste is produced which can be costly to treat. Especially in arid zones, the water use is a problem. A second problem is that in cities, all kinds of waste are disposed of in the sewer, leading to a very varied mixture which is difficult to process. Ecological sanitation can both be applied in cities (often in public toilet blocks), and in peri-urban and rural areas.
==Description of =Approach===
Ecosan is not so much a technology as a way of thinking. It views (treated) human excreta and greywater as valuable resources that can be put to productive use. In that sense, it requires a change of thinking about waste issues in terms of recycling and closing material loops, where waste is no longer regarded as waste but as a resource.
===Potential===
In most conventional wastewater and sanitation systems, large amounts of valuable nutrients are wasted. This can lead to reduced soil fertility and/or the need to apply (and buy) chemical fertilizers. Therefore, applying ecological sanitation has a very large potential.
==Country =Field Experiences===
EcoSan is practiced in most world regions. EcoSanRes has a [http://www.ecosanres.org/map/index.html World Map] with EcoSan initiatives.
==Movies=Videos===
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KpOShXVw0l0 "Promotion de l'assainissement écologique au Mali", Movie on Ecological Sanitation used for promotion, produced by CREPA, Mali (in french)]
*[httphttps://www.reseaucrepayoutube.orgcom/page/1328 watch?v=OUdhO7uwKoo "Notre urine vaut de l'or", Movie on Ecological Sanitation used for promotion, produced by CREPA (in French). ]
==External links=Links===
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_sanitation Ecological Sanitation on Wikipedia, with many links]
*[http://www.ecosanres.org/ EcoSanRes - Research on Econological Sanitation]
*[http://www.susana.org/images/documents/07-cap-dev/a-material-topic-wg/wg07/jackson-2005-ecosan-experience-in-eastern-southern-africa-wsp.es.pdf Jackson, B. (2005). Review of EcoSan Experience in Eastern and Southern Africa. Water and Sanitation Program - The World Bank]
*[httphttps://www.unesco-ihe.org/Education/Shortonline-courses/Onlinecourse-courses/Ecologicalecological-Sanitation sanitation UNESCO-IHE online course on Ecological Sanitation]
*[http://www.ecosan.nl/ Ecological Sanitation pages at WASTE]
*[httphttps://www.ecosanserviceslinkedin.orgcom/organization-guest/company/page.php?id=1 ecosanservicesfoundation Ecosan Services Foundation - non-profit Ecosan consultancy]*[http://www.reseaucrepaircwash.org/pagesites/319 EcoSan information from default/files/202.8-03MI-18358.pdf Centre Régional pour l'Eau Potable etl'Assainissement à faible coût (CREPA) (in french)]
