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'''Conventional Gravity Sewers are large networks of underground pipes that convey blackwater, greywater and stormwater from individual households to a centralized treatment facility using gravity (and pumps where necessary).'''
Access manholes are placed at set intervals along the sewer, at pipe intersections and at changes in pipeline direction (vertically and horizontally). The primary network requires rigorous engineering design to ensure that a self-cleansing velocity is maintained, that manholes are placed as required and that the sewer line can support the traffic weight. As well, extensive construction is required to remove and replace the road above.
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{{procontable | pro=
- Stormwater and greywater can be managed at the same time. <br> - Construction can provide short-term employment to local labourers. | con=
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===Adequacy===
Because they carry so much volume, Conventional Gravity sewers are only appropriate when there is a centralized treatment facility that is able to receive the wastewater (i.e. smaller, decentralized facilities could easily be overwhelmed).
Conventional Gravity Sewers can be constructed in cold climates as they are dug deep into the ground and the large and constant water flow resists freezing.
===Health Aspects/Acceptance===
This technology provides a high level of hygiene and comfort for the user at the point of use. However, because the waste is conveyed to an offsite location for treatment, the ultimate health and environmental impacts are determined by the treatment provided by the downstream facility.
===Maintenance===
Manholes are installed wherever there is a change of grade or alignment and are used for inspection and cleaning. Sewers can be dangerous and should only be maintained by professionals although, in well-organised communities, the maintenance of tertiary networks might be handed over to a well-trained group of community members.
===References===
* ASCE (1992). Gravity Sanitary Sewer Design and Construction, ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 60, WPCF MOP No. FD-5. American Society of Civil Engineers, New York. (A standard design text used in North America although local codes and standards should be assessed before choosing a design manual.)
* Tchobanoglous, G., Burton, FL. and Stensel, HD. (2003). Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, 4th Edition. Metcalf & Eddy, New York.
===Acknowledgements===
{{:Acknowledgements Sanitation}}
