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Handpumps

637 bytes added, 00:18, 3 November 2012

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[[Image:pump altitude.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Example: a treadle pump is promoted as capable of lifting water from 23 ft. at sea level, the graph indicates that at 8000 ft elevation a loss of 8.8 ft. of suction capacity will result. The pump used at this elevation is now capable of lifting water from 14 ft. Chart: [http://www.pacificliquid.com/ Pacific Liquid & Air Systems.]]]

Many different kinds of handpumps are frequently installed on hand-dug wells and boreholes in rural areas, including many drought-prone areas. They facilitate a contamination-free method to extract water. Most pumps are positive displacement pumps and have reciprocating pistons or plungers. There are suction  '''Household pumps'''<br>Low-cost lifting devices such as a bucket and rope, low lift windlasses or simple handpumps on shallow dug wells are sufficient and sustainable sources for small communities or single households. In some cases the wells may not be perennial and may need to be supplemented by communal sources. '''Village pumps'''<br>For small communities of up to about 1, direct action pumps000 inhabitants, intermediate life pumpsproperly constructed hand-dug wells – which provide a safe water supply all year round, equipped with simple but reliable and high lift pumpseasily maintainable direct action handpumps – are a good option. For details on these typesIf wells cannot be dug by hand because water tables are too deep or for other reasons, look them up in [http://wwwboreholes may have to be drilled.wateraidIn such cases good quality boreholes equipped with reliable and robust handpumps, which can be easily maintained, are the most cost-effective community choice.org/uk/what_we_do/sustainable_technologies/technology_notes/244.asp Technology notes: Handpumps] (by WaterAid)The number of users per pump should be 200 to 300.

==Reciprocating handpumps==

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