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{|width="100%"
|style="width:50%;"|{{santable_new|
sys1=[[Waterless System with Urine Diversion|4]]|
sys2=[[Biogas System|5]]|sys3=[[Sewerage System with Urine Diversion|89]]|sys3=|
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pic=Urine_storage_tank-container.png|
ApplHousehold=XX|
Input1=Urine|Input2=Faeces |Input3=| Input4= |Input5=|
Output1=Stored urine| Output2=Faeces | Output3= | Output4= | Output5=
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|[[Image:Urine_storage_tank-container.png |right|300px500px]]
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[[Image:Icon_urine_storage_tank_container.png |right|80px]]
'''When urine or faeces cannot be used immediately or transported using a Conveyance Technology technology (i.e. ,[[Jerrycan - tank | Jerrycans or oil drums]], see C.1) , it can be stored onsite in containers or tanks. The Storage Tank storage tank must then be moved or emptied into another container for transport. '''
[[Image:Oil_drums_and_containers.PNG|thumb|right|200px|[[Oil drums and containers |Oil drums and containers]], in Uganda(for credits, click the picture)]]
Over time, a layer of organic sludge and precipitated minerals (primarily calcium and magnesium phosphates) will form on the bottom of the tank. Any tank used for urine storage should have an opening large enough so that it can be cleaned and/or pumped out. Neither the storage tank, nor the collection pipes should be ventilated to avoid odorous ammonia emissions, but they both need to be pressure equalized. If the Storage Tank storage tank is directly connected with a pipe to the toilet or urinal directly with a pipe, care should be taken to minimize the length of the pipe since precipitates will accumulate. If pipes must be used, they should have a steep slope (greater than 1% slope), no sharp angles, large diameters (up to 110mm for underground pipes) and be easily removable in case of blockages.
Pipes should have a steep slope (> 1%), no sharp angles, and large diameters (up to 110 mm for underground pipes). They should be easily accessible in case of blockages. To minimize odoursand nitrogen loss, the tank should be filled from the bottom, i.e. , the urine should flow down through a pipe and be released near the bottom of the tank; this . This will prevent the urine from spraying as well as prevent back-flowand avoid the backflow of air.
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="centernone"
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! width="50%" style="background:#efefef;" | Advantages
! style="background:#f0f8ff;" | Disadvantages
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| valign="top" |- Simple and robust technology <br>- Can be built and repaired with locally available materials <br>- No electrical energy required Low risk of pathogen transmission <br>- Can Stored urine can be used immediately as a fertilizer <br>
- Small land area required <br>
- Low capital and No or low operating costsif self-emptied| valign="top" |- Mild to strong odour when opening and emptying tank (depending on storage conditions)<br>- May require frequent emptying (depending on tank size)
|}
<br>===AdequacyAppropriateness===Urine storage tanks are most appropriate where there is a need for nutrients from fertilizer for agriculture which can be supplied by the stored urine. When there is no such need, the urine can become a source of pollution and a nuisance. Urine storage tanks can be used in virtually every environment; tanks should be well-sealed to preventleaks, infiltration and nitrogen loss. Urine storage tanks can be installed indoors, outdoors, above ground and below ground depending on the climate, space available, and soil.
=== Manual, videos, and links ===
* [http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/guidelines-on-sanitation-and-health/en/ WHO: Guidelines on sanitation and health - 2018]
===References ===
* Kvarnström, E., Emilsson, K., Richert Stintzing, A., Johansson, M., Jönsson, H., af Petersens, E., Schönning, C., Christensen, J., Hellström, D., Qvarnström, L., Ridderstolpe, P. and Drangert, J.-O. (2006). [http://mediamanager.sei.org/documents/Publications/SEI-Report-Kvarnstrom-UrineDiversion-2006-1.pdf Urine Diversion: One Step Towards Sustainable Sanitation]. Report 2006–1, EcoSanRes: Ecosan Publications Series, Stockholm, SE.
* von Münch, E. and Winker, M. (2011). [http://www.susana.org/_resources/documents/default/2-875-giz2011-en-technology-review-urine-diversion.pdf Technology Review of Urine Diversion Components. Overview of Urine Diversion Components Such as Waterless Urinals, Urine Diversion Toilets, Urine Storage and Reuse Systems]. Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Eschborn, DE.
* GTZ WHO (20072006). Technical data sheet, urine diversion: Piping and storage. GTZ, Germany. Available: [httphttps://www.gtzwho.de www.gtz.de] * Kvarnström, E., et al. (2006). Urine Diversion - One step towards sustainable sanitation. Report 2006-1. Ecosan Res: Ecosan Publication Series, Stockholm. Available: [http:int/water_sanitation_health/publications/gsuweg4/en/www.ecosanres.org www.ecosanres.org] * WHO (2006). Guidelines for the safe use Safe Use of wastewaterWastewater, excreta Excreta and greywater- Greywater. Volume 4: Excreta and greywater use Greywater Use in agricultureAgriculture]. WHOWorld Health Organization, Geneva, CH. Available: [http://www.who.int www.who.int]* General information about Oil drums and containers [http://www.gtz.de/ecosan www.gtz.de/ecosan ] [http://www.waste.nl www.waste.nl ]* The Philippines [http://www.caps.ph www.caps.ph ]* India [http://www.sulabhinternational.org www.sulabhinternational.org ]
===Acknowledgements===
{{:Acknowledgements Sanitation}}