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{|style="float: left;"|{{Language-box|english_link=Urinal|french_link=Urinoir|spanish_link=Urinario|hindi_link=coming soon|malayalam_link=coming soon|tamil_link=coming soon | korean_link=coming soon | chinese_link=Coming soon | indonesian_link=Coming soon | japanese_link=Coming soon}}|}<!-- table at top of page with logo, picture, and input-output tables. --br><br>{|width="100%"|style="width:25%;"|{{santable_shortsantable_short_new|
sys1=[[Waterless System with Urine Diversion|4]]|
sys2=[[Biogas System|5]]|sys3=[[Sewerage System with Urine Diversion|89]]|sys3=|
sys4=|
sys5=|
sys7=|
sys8=|
sys9=|
pic=Urinal1.png|
Input1=Urine|Input2=Flushwater |Input3=| Input4= |Input5=|
Output1=Urine| Output2=Flushwater | Output3= | Output4= | Output5=
}}
|[[Image:Urinal1.png |right|500px]]
|}
{{procontable | pro=
- Does not require a constant source of water <br>
- Can be built and repaired with locally available materials <br>
- Low capital and operating costs <br>
- reuse of nutrients is possible
| con=
- Can lead to unpleasant odours when used or maintained incorrectly
}}
==Health Aspects/Acceptance=Appropriateness===The Urinal is a comfortable and easily accepted User Interface. In some cases, the provision of a Urinal is useful to prevent the misuse of dry systems (e.g[[Image:Waterless_urinal. png|thumb|right|200px|[[Urine Diverting Dry ToiletWaterless urinal |UDDTWaterless urinal]]). Urinals, although simple in construction and design, can have a large impact on the well-being of a community. When men have access to a Urinal, they may be encouraged to refrain from urinating in public, which reduces unwanted odours and allows women to feel more comfortable. Men have generally accepted waterless Urinals, as they do not call Ethiopia (click photo for any change of behaviour.credits)]]
Urinals can be used in homes as well as within public facilities. In some cases, the provision of a urinal is useful to prevent the misuse of dry systems (e.g., UDDT, U.2). Portable waterless urinals have been developed for use at large gatherings, to improve the sanitation facilities and reduce the point load of wastewater discharged at the site. In this way, a large volume of urine can be collected (and either used or discharged at a more appropriate location or time) and the remaining toilets can be reduced in number or used more efficiently. Urinals are appropriate for every climate.
==Maintenance=Health Aspects/Acceptance===Maintenance The Urinal is a comfortable and easily accepted User Interface. In some cases, the provision of a urinal is useful to prevent the misuse of dry systems (e.g. [[Urine Diverting Dry Toilet|UDDT]]). Although simplein construction and design, but should be done frequentlyurinals can have a large impact on the well-being of a community. Minerals and salts When men have access to a urinal, they may build up urinate less often in pipes public, which reduces unwanted odours and on surfaces where urine is constantly presentmakes women feel more comfortable. To prevent scalingMen have generally accepted waterless urinals, slightly acidic water and/or hot water can be used to dissolve as they do not call for any minerals that form. All change of the surfaces should be cleaned regularly (bowl, slab and steps) to prevent odours and to minimize solids formationbehaviour.
== Manual =Operation & Maintenance=== Maintenance is simple, but should be done frequently, especially for waterless urinals. All of the surfaces should be cleaned regularly (bowl, slab and wall) to prevent odours and to minimize the formation of stains. Particularly, in waterless urinals, calcium- and magnesium-based minerals and salts can precipitate and buildup in pipes and on surfaces where urine is constantly present. Washing the bowl with a mild acid (e.g., vinegar) and/or hot water can prevent the build- How up of mineral deposits and scaling. Stronger (> 24% acetic) acid or a caustic soda solution (2 parts water to 1 part soda) can be used for removing blockages. However, in somecases manual removal may be required. For waterless urinals, it is critical to build regularly check the functioning of the odour seal. === Manuals, videos, and links ===
The `Eco-Lily' from Ethiopia is made out of a common liquid container with a used light bulb acting as a floating `odour-lock' to reduce smells. The `Eco-Lily' is a device to be used as urinal both by men and women. SUDEA's experiences have showed that men can use it without any explanation while women often need some information on how to use it because of their biological difference.
This [http://www.sydneywatermrfriendly.com.au/Publicationseu/FactSheetsdoc/WaterlessUrinalsFactSheet.pdf Factsheet] gives useful information about the installation of as Waterless Urinal.
* Mexico [http://www.laneta.apc.org/esac www.laneta.apc.org/esac ]
* South Africa [http://www.csir.co.za www.csir.co.za ]
* Ethiopia [email protected]
* Austinvon Münch, AE. and DunckerDahm, LP. (20022009). [https://repository.lboro.ac.uk/articles/Waterless_urinals_a_proposal_to_save_water_and_recover_urine_nutrients_in_Africa/9585524 Waterless Urinals: A Proposal to Save Water and Recover Urine-diversion. Ecological Sanitation Systems Nutrients in South Africa]. CSIR34th WEDC International Conference. Addis Ababa, Pretoria, South Africa. (Directions for making a simple Urinal using a 5L plastic containerET.)
* CREPA (2008)von Münch, E. Promotion de latrines ECOSAN à la 20è édition du FESPACO: Ecosan Info Noand Winker, M. 8. Centre Régional pour l'Eau Potable et l'Assainissement à faible coût (CREPA2011), Burkina Faso. Available: [http://www.reseaucrepasusana.org/_resources/documents/default/2-875-giz2011-en-technology-review-urine-diversion.pdf Technology Review of Urine Diversion Components. Overview of Urine Diversion Components Such as Waterless Urinals, Urine Diversion Toilets, Urine Storage and Reuse Systems]. Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Eschborn, DE.
* GTZ NWP (19992006). Technical data sheets for ecosan components[https: Waterless Urinals//www. GTZ, Germanyircwash. Available: http:org/resources/wwwsmart-sanitation-solutions-examples-innovative-low-cost-technologies-toilets-collection Smart Sanitation Solutions.gtzExamples of Innovative, Low-Cost Technologies for Toilets, Collection, Transportation, Treatment and Use of Sanitation Products].de (Information about specialized urinalsNetherlands Water Partnership, The Hague, which include stench traps and other specialized featuresNL.)