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===Appropriateness===
A UASB is not appropriate for small or rural communities without a constant water supply or electricity. The technology is relatively simple to design and build, but developing the granulated sludge may take several months. The UASB reactor has the potential to produce higher quality effluent than [[Septic Tank|Septic Tanks ]] (S.9), and can do so in a smaller reactor volume. Although it is a well-established process for large-scale industrial wastewater treatment and high organic loading rates up to 10 kg BOD/m3/d, its application to domestic sewage is still relatively new.
It is often used for brewery, distillery, food processing and pulp and paper waste since the process typically removes 80 to 90% of COD. Where the influent is low strength or where it contains too many solids, proteins or fats, the reactor may not work properly. Temperature is also a key factor affecting the performance. or fats, the reactor may not work properly. Temperature is also a key factor affecting the performance.
* Lettinga, G., Roersma, R. and Grin, P. (1983). Anaerobic Treatment of Raw Domestic Sewage at Ambient Temperatures Using a Granular Bed UASB Reactor. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (7): 1701-1723. (The first paper describing the process)
* von Sperling, M. and de Lemos Chernicharo, C. A. (2005). [https://www.iwapublishing.com/sites/default/files/ebooks/9781780402734.pdf Biological Wastewater Treatment in Warm Climate Regions, Volume One]. IWA Publishing, London, UK. pp. 741-804. (Detailed design information):Available at: [http://www.iwawaterwiki.org iwawaterwiki.org]
* Tare, V. and Nema, A. (n.d.). [http://unapcaem.org/Activities%20Files/A01/UASB%20Technology%20%E2%80%93%20Expectations%20and%20Reality.pdf UASB Technology – Expectations and Reality]. United Nations Asian and Pacific Centre for Agricultural Engineering and Machinery, Beijing, CN. (Assessment of UASB installations in India):Available at: [http://www.unapcaem.org unapcaem.org]
* Tchobanoglous, G., Burton, F. L. and Stensel, H. D. (2004). Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, Metcalf & Eddy, 4th Ed. (Internat. Ed.). McGraw-Hill, New York, US. pp. 1005-1016. (Book; Detailed description and design information)
* Ulrich, A. (Ed.), Reuter, S. (Ed.), Gutterer, B. (Ed.), Sasse, L., Panzerbieter, T. and Reckerzügel, T. (2009). [https://wedc-knowledge.lboro.ac.uk/resources/books/DEWATS_-_Chapter_01.pdf Decentralised Wastewater Treatment Systems (DEWATS) and Sanitation in Developing Countries. A Practical Guide]. WEDC, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK. (Short overview)
* Vigneswaran, S., Balasuriya, B. L. N. and Viraraghavan, T. (1986). [https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/341.2-86AN-2504.pdf Environmental Sanitation Reviews. Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment – Attached Growth and Sludge Blanket Process]. Environmental Sanitation Information Center, AIT, Bangkok, TH. (Good technical overview – Chapter 5)
===Acknowledgements===
{{:Acknowledgements Sanitation}}