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* the [[Septic Tank]] (S.9), where the low sludge removal frequency leads to anaerobic degradation of the sludge.
* the [[Anaerobic Baffled Reactor(ABR) 1]] (S.10/T.3) and the Anaerobic Filter (S.11/T.4) both usually include a settler as the first compartment. However, the settler may also be built separately, e.g., in municipal treatment plants or in the case of prefabricated, modular units.
* the [[Biogas Reactor]] (S.12/T.17), which can be considered as a settler designed for anaerobic digestion and biogas production.
* the Imhoff Tank (T.2) and the [[Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor | Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor]] (UASB, T.11), designed for the digestion of the settled sludge, prevent gases or sludge particles in the lower section from entering/returning to the upper section.
* the [[Waste Stabilization Pond | Waste Stabilization Ponds]] (WSP, T.5), of which the first anaerobic pond is for settling
* the [[Sedimentation - Thickening Ponds | Sedimentation/Thickening Ponds]] (T.13), which are designed for the solid-liquid separation of faecal sludge
===Design Considerations===
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===Appropriateness===
The choice of a technology to settle the solids is governed by the size and type of the installation, the wastewater strength, the management capacities and the desirability of an anaerobic process, with or without biogas production. Technologies that already include some type of primary sedimentation (listed above) do not need a separate settler. Many treatment technologies, however, require preliminary removal of solids in order to function properly. Although the installation of a primary sedimentation tank is often omitted in small activated sludge plants, it is of particular importance for technologies that use a filter material. Settlers can also be installed as stormwater retention tanks to remove a portion of the organic
===References===
* EPA Ireland (1997). [https://www.epa.ie/pubs/advice/water/wastewater/wastewatertreatmentmanuals-primarysecondarytertiarytreatment.html Waste Water Treatment Manuals – Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Treatment]. Wexford, IE.:Available at: [http://www.epa.ie epa.ie]
* Tchobanoglous, G., Burton, F. L. and Stensel, H. D. (2004). Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, Metcalf &Eddy, 4th Ed. (Internat. Ed.). McGraw-Hill, New York, US.(Book)
===Acknowledgements===
{{:Acknowledgements Sanitation}}