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Rope pump

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[[Image:Rope_pump_icon.png|right]]
[[Image:RopePumpMozambique.JPG|thumb|right|150px|[[Rope pump| Rope pump]] on a borehole, made in a local workshop in Mozambique ]]
[[Image:RopePumpZambia.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[Rope pump| Rope pump]] used for irrigation in Zambia]]
[[Image:Rope_pump.PNG|thumb|right|150px|[[Rope pump | Rope pump ]], (Victory model) on a hand-dug of 20 meters deep well, made in a local workshop in northern Ghana ]]
[[Image:RopePumpBicycle.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[Rope pump| Rope pump]], bicycle model, produced and used in Nicaragua]]
A rope pump is a kind of pump used in developing areas to raise water from wells or boreholes. Rope pumps Pump consist of a PVC pipewith a rope though it, and to which washers are attached which fit in the tube with a small clearance. A wheel above ground pulls the rope with the washers attached to itthrough the pipe. The water is held in between the washers in the pipe, and is pulled to the surface. Rope pumps are very simple, and can be easily repaired. They are used for domestic water supply, irrigation and cattle watering. For wells down to 35 m, rope pumps are often five times cheaper and more sustainable than piston pumps.
For wells down to 35 m, rope pumps are often five times cheaper and more sustainable than piston pumps. Evaluations show that rope pumps on communal wells are being maintained by the users, if introduced properly. 90% of rope pumps remain operational, even after many years.
Because of its low cost, the pump is also popular for domestic use. A survey among 5,025 rural families in Nicaragua indicates that a rope pump increases income, even if used for domestic purposes only. Families with a pump earn US$ 220 per year more than families without a pump. In Nicaragua the pumps are now being produced commercially by 20 workshops. Different models of Rope pumps were introduced in Africa. This introduction has not always been successful: in some projects over 80% of the pumps do NOT work! However, with the "right" models and the "right" user training, up to 90% remain in operation in Africa, as the Victory model in Ghana and the Elephant model in Zimbabwe have proved.
[[Image:RopePumpMozambique==History and social context==Because of its low cost, the pump is also popular for domestic use.JPG|thumb|right|150px|[[Rope A survey among 5,025 rural families in Nicaragua indicates that a rope pump| Rope increases income, even if used for domestic purposes only. Families with a pump]] on earn US$ 220 per year more than families without a borehole, made in a local workshop in Mozambique ]]pump. In Nicaragua the pumps are now being produced commercially by 20 workshops.
Different models of Rope pumps were introduced in Africa. This introduction has not always been successful: in one projects over 80% of the pumps did NOT work after one year! However, with the "right" models and the "right" user training, up to 90% remain in operation in Africa, as the Victory model in Ghana and the Elephant model in Zimbabwe have proved.
[[Image:RopePumpZambia.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[Rope pump| Rope ==Suitable conditions ==A rope pump]] can be used for to draw water from wells or boreholes. Applications include communal wells, houshold, irrigation in Zambia]], and cattle watering.
One person can draw water up to 35 m, two persons can pump to 60m (using a second crank). A rope pump can be driven by hand, windmill, motor, bicycle, and animals. A rope pump can pump 40 litres / min from 10 meters depth.
[[Image:Rope_pump.PNG|thumb|right|150px|[[Rope pump | Rope pump ]]Some 70,000 rope pumps are in use in Nicaragua, (Victory model) on a hand-dug of 20 meters deep well, made 000 in a local workshop Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Ghana, Senegal, Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Cambodia, India, Vietnam, and others. In total, the Rope pump is used in northern Ghana ]]over 30 countries.
[[Image:RopePumpBicycle.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[Rope The pump| Rope pump]]can be used by single families, bicycle model, produced and used in Nicaragua]]or up to 20 families (100 people).
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== Capacity Technical specification======Operation========Maintenance====Evaluations show that rope pumps on communal wells are being maintained by the users, if introduced properly. 90% of rope pumps remain operational, even after many years.
40 litres / min from 10 meters depth.====Manufacturing ====
== Costs Cost==* The Rope Pump costs between US$ 30-150 depending on model, location of production, and cost of materials and labour.* Cost of introduction: between US$ 10,000-30,000 per project, including 20 pumps, engineering and hands-on training.* Rural water programme: US$ 150,000-200,000 per project, including 1,000 pumps, start up of production facility and hands-on training.
* US$ 30-150 depending on model and cost of materials and labour. == Applying conditions ==<ul><li><b>Numbers:</b> 70,000 in Nicaragua, 20,000 in Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Ghana, Senegal, Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Cambodia, India, Vietnam, and others. </li><li><b>Range of depth:</b> 1-35 meter (60 m with two cranks).</li><li><b>Application</b> Communal wells, houshold, irrigation, cattle watering. </li><li><b>Suggested use</b> The pump can be used by single families, or up to 20 families (100 people).<li><b>Models</b> Rope pump models exist that are driven by hand, small motors, windmills, bicycle, and horses. They can be placed on hand dug wells or boreholes. </li><li><b>Cost of introduction:</b> US$ 10,000-30,000 per project, including 20 pumps, engineering and hands-on training.</li> <li><b>Rural water programme:</b> US$ 150,000-200,000 per project, including 1,000 pumps, start up of production facility and hands-on training.</li></ul> == Experiences in different countries Country experiences==
In 2008, rope pumps are used in over 30 countries. Below the experiences in Nicaragua, Zimbabwe and Ghana are listed.
WaterAid in Burkina Faso is also currently developing a rope pump model suitable to local conditions. This project has resulted in a renewed understanding across WaterAid of the need to ensure that rope pumps destined for community water supplies require high quality manufacturing and installation techniques in order for them to remain sustainable. WaterAid now intends to renew its efforts across the organisation to improving the quality of rope pumps in countries where this is supported. An international skills and knowledge sharing event to which all rope pump supporters and manufacturers will be invited is being considered for 2009.
 == Rope pump construction manual Manuals== 
PRACTICA foundation and the Technical Training Programme of the ETC Foundation (TTP/ETC) have put together a really [http://www.greenocean.org/akvo/PRACTICA_180306_Rope_pump_manual_Ethiopia_March_2006_complete.pdf excellent manual on how to build rope pumps] (PDF, 2.5 Mbyte). It is an 86 page long document with detailed instructions.
{{Joinus}} == Movies ==
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-o9jzEcu57A Rope pumps around the world (Connect International, Netherlands, 2008)]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06JoZlo77gk Small scale irrigation with a rope pump, Zambia (Connect International, Netherlands, 2008)]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XbLic5qCSTQ&amp;feature=related Water quality and rope pumps in Cambodia part 2 (RDI-Cambodia)]
== External links ==
* Evaluations [http://www.irc.nl www.irc.nl ]
* Africa [http://www.pumpaid.org www.pumpaid.org ]
* Rope Pump - WaterAid in Mozambique[http://www.wateraid.org/international/what_we_do/where_we_work/mozambique/2595.asp]
* Elephant Pump - PumpAid [http://www.pumpaid.org/The-Elephant-Pump.shtml]
 
 
==References==
{{Joinus}}
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