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Operational and Minor Maintenance Expenditure (OpEx)

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Key documents
==Key documents==
* Gibson, J., 2010. [http://www.irc.nl/media/irc_symposium_2010_pdf_s/3_gibson_operation_maintenancecostsofrwssinsafrica3 Operation and maintenance costs of rural water supply schemes in South Africa]: paper presented at the IRC symposium ''Pumps, Pipes and Promises: Costs, Finances and Accountability for Sustainable WASH Services'' in The Hague, The Netherlands from 16 - 18 November 2010. The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
* IRC, 2012. [http://www.washcost.info/page/2386 Providing a basic level of water and sanitation services that last: cost benchmarks]. (WASHCost infosheet; 1). The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
Information sheet provides an overview of the minimum benchmarks for costing sustainable basic services in developing countries. The benchmarks have been derived from the WASHCost project dataset and the best available cost data from other organisations all over the world. The benchmarks are useful for planning, assessing sustainability from a cost perspective and for monitoring value for money.
* Fonseca, C. et al., 2011. [http://www.washcost.info/page/1557 Life-cycle costs approach: costing sustainable services]. (WASHCost briefing note; 1a). The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
* Nyarko, K.B. et al., 2011a. [http://www.washcost.info/page/1441 Life-cycle costs in Ghana: post-construction costs of water point-systems]. (WASHCost briefing note Ghana; 2). The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
* Nyarko, K.B. et al., 2011b. [http://www.washcost.info/page/2319 Life-cycle costs in Ghana: functionality of rural water systems in Ghana]. (WASHCost briefing note Ghana; 6). The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre.
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