Changes

Natural ground catchment and Open water reservoir

915 bytes added, 15:52, 6 April 2012

no edit summary

# If the inflow channel is defined, silt traps can be tried out to reduce silt load as is done with Charco dams in Tanzania. In this case, stones laid across the channel form mini dams and perennial vegetation can be grown between these mini dams to reduce flow velocity of water, thereby encouraging silt deposition.

# De-silting will most probably need to be carried out at some stage. There may be more sustainable ways of doing this compared to the usual approach used in the recovery stage of DCM, where this process is often paid for by NGOs and where there is a lack of community will to contribute. While animals seem to be a good option for effective de-silting, food-for-work or cash-for-work incentives are commonly still needed to entice communities to improve their own ponds. It is better to train only a few animals for de-silting work to save damaging the equipment, but farmers tend not to want to use their animals to work on someone else’s land. This lack of ownership in communal projects is a recurring thread of failure in WASH projects, and should require new and innovative ways to engender ownership and management of facilities. An institutionally-resilient way to de-silt ponds may be to promote ponds on private land, where one landowner has a vested interest to maintain and de-silt the pond, thus reducing the need for NGO intervention in the longer run.

==Costs==

==Field experiences==

'''De-silting'''

Experience in India seems to support this where the farmer providing the land for the johad (pond) would be the prime beneficiary, of the recharged water on adjacent land, but where the community also benefited. Experience from Somaliland showed an example of a successful balli which was privately owned where the owner sold water to the community – while this might at first seem exploitative, it was one of the ballis that continued to function every year. Experience from Bolivia backs this up, where farm ponds constructed for communal use often encountered problems of ownership and maintenance, whereas individually owned ponds proved a better option. In Zimbabwe, communities using dams commented that it was difficult for even committed members of the community to work on maintenance tasks as there was little return for work that benefited everyone.

Winona

Akvopedia-spade, akvouser, bureaucrat, emailconfirmed, staff, susana-working-group-1, susana-working-group-10, susana-working-group-11, susana-working-group-12, susana-working-group-2, susana-working-group-3, susana-working-group-4, susana-working-group-5, susana-working-group-6, susana-working-group-7, susana-working-group-8, susana-working-group-9, susana-working-group-susana-member, administrator, widget editor

30,949

edits