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Traditional hand-dug wells

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'''Specific advice''':
[[Image:telescopic lining.jpg|thumb|right|300px200px|Hand-dug well with telescopic lining. Diagram: Watt, S.B.; Wood, W.E. (1979) Hand Dug Wells and their Construction. IT, London, UK.]][[Image:HandDugWellConstruction.jpg|thumb|right|300px200px|Construction of hand dug well at Kulala Kebele, Dera Woreda, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Photo: [http://www.flickr.com/photos/waterdotorg/4923124025/ Water.org]]]
The basic elements of a hand-dug well are illustrated in Figure 5.3. The three main elements are: <br>
A. '''The Well Head''' - this is the part of the well which is visible above the ground. It generally consists of a protective apron and a superstructure which depends on the type of extraction system in use. <br>
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