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the most comprehensive and popular because it aims to integrate all inter-boundary and inter-sectoral issues and land use demands for relevant sectoral development programs.
[[File:The planning in the context of sustainable natural resources management.png|alt=The planning in the context of sustainable natural resources management|center|frame|The planning in the context of sustainable natural resources management]]The planning process (see figure above) in the context of natural resources management requires a longer term planning view. It should be integrating sectoral developments (cross sectoral), taking into account natural resources and their natural interrelationship (cross-boundary management) and natural resources sustainability (natural resources accounting) as well as the involvement of all stakeholders affected by economic development activities and natural resources utilizations. This requires the following aspects:* Database of natural resources carrying capacity, the dynamic management of database that can be retrieved, improved and monitored (e.g. through the geographical infor- mation system), compatible to all sectors.* Coordination, at all levels of the planning system (vertical integration), all sectors (hori- zontal integration), this includes all stages of the development management process (policy and institutional, planning, implementation and monitoring/evaluation)
In spatial planning, all aspects should be intertwined considering both upstream and down- stream. In spatial planning in Indonesia, RTRW / Spatial Planning will plan, regulate and con- trol many elements that are not limited to the forest and protected area management, water management, agriculture, tourism, infrastructure, industry, urban and rural settlements, min- ing and security. All related aspects will go through the planning and policy process as a dy- namic system and provide feedback on all planned aspects. The planning/policy process as a dynamic system (figure 5) consists of 4 main subjects, namely: '''Policy; Implementation; the effects; and evaluation''' * initial policy that will affect planning* planning that will provide direction for implementation including strategy* implementation will have a real effect on all planned aspects* real effects will provide input for policy improvement for structuring evaluation* evaluation of the arrangement will result in a new policy[[File:Planning as a dynamic and cyclical processin ICZM.png|center|thumb|550x550pxframe|Planning as a dynamic and cyclical process]]
'''[[3.1 Coastal Management Plans]]'''