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UV treatment with lamps

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UV irradiation (using lamps in particular) provides a quick and effective way of disinfecting water supply from harmful bacteria without leaving a chemical residue, like the one chlorine leaves. Usually it is used as one step in the process of making water safe to drink. Other steps include filtration and/or reverse osmosis. But in general, UV light (whether by sun of lamps) has demonstrated efficacy against pathogenic organisms, including those responsible for cholera, polio, typhoid, hepatitis and other bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases.<ref> Trojan UV: [http://trojanuv.com/uv-disinfection Introduction to UV Disinfection] </ref>

Two alternative configurations or physical systems are used The set up for UV disinfection of small or household water supplies, consists of submerged lamps or lamps in the air and mounted above a thin layer of the water to be irradiated. In the units with submerged lamps, the lamps are covered with a protective, UV-penetrable as protection from the electrical hazards associated with water. Water can be treated on a batch basis by placing the lamp in a container of water for several minutes or longer, or on a flow-through basis in a housing or channel, with the water flowing parallel or perpendicular to the lamp(s).

In units having the lamps mounted in the air, the UV lamps are in a metal housing with reflective surfaces that direct the UV radiation downward onto a thin layer of water flowing through a channel or tray below the lamps. The advantage of the submerged systems is intimate lamp contact with the water, water-mediated cooling of the lamps, and the use of housing designs that maximize UV exposure of the water.

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