City Sanitation Plan

The City Sanitation Plan was developed in 2009 by the Water and Sanitation Program – South Asia (WSP-SA) for city planners to build seven-year investment scenarios.

It includes four possible citywide sanitation interventions:

1) Septic tanks with soakaways or pit latrines,

2) Partly septic tanks with soakaways or pit latrines with an off-site (conventional sewerage) component,

3) Small bore sewerage, and

4) Conventional sewerage.

It considers capital expenditures and operational and minor maintenance expenditures, arrangements for household contributions, calculations for recovery from user fees, but does not include capital maintenance expenditures (Fonseca et.al, 2011). It provides different forecasts for population growth, but it lacks clarity on the inflation rates and cost projections. It is currently being used in several Indian cities.

Key documents

• Fonseca, C., Dubé, A. and Verhoeven J., 2011. Cost-based decision support tools for water and sanitation. (WASHCost working paper 4). The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre

• Ravikumar, J. et al., 2009. The City Sanitation Plan, database and spreadsheet. New Delhi, India: South Asia: Water and Sanitation Program (WS– South Asia (WSP-SA)