This is a water-based system that requires a [[Urine Diverting Flush Toilet | Urine-Diverting Flush Toilet]] (UDFT, U.6) and a sewer. The UDFT is a special User Interface that allows for the separate collection of Urine without water, although it uses water to flush Faeces. Inputs to the system can include Faeces, Urine, Flushwater, Anal Cleansing Water, Dry Cleansing Materials, Greywater and possibly Stormwater.
The main User Interface technology for this system is the UDFT (U.6). A [[Urinal | Urinal]] (U.3) can be an additional installation for the effective collection of Urine. Brownwater and Urine are separated at the User Interface. Brownwater bypasses a Collection and Storage/Treatment technology and is conveyed directly to a (Semi-) Centralized Treatment facility using a [[Simplified Sewers Sewer | Simplified]] (C.4) or a [[Conventional Gravity Sewer | Conventional Gravity Sewer]] network (C.6). Greywater is also transported in the sewer and is not separately treated.
Stormwater could also be put into the Gravity Sewer network, although this would dilute the wastewater and require Stormwater overflows. Therefore, local retention and infiltration of Stormwater or a separate drainage system for rainwater are the recommended approaches.
Urine diverted at the User Interface is collected in a Storage Tank (S.1). Stored Urine can be handled easily and with little risk because it is nearly sterile. With its high nutrient content it can be used as a good liquid fertilizer. Stored Urine can be transported for Application in agriculture (D.2) either using [[Jerrycan - tank \ | Jerrycans]] or a Tank (C.1), or a [[Motorized Emptying and Transport | Motorized Emptying and Transport]] technology (C.3) – the same way that bulk water or Sludge is transported to fields.
Brownwater is treated at a (Semi-) Centralized Treatment facility using a combination of the technologies T.1-T.12. The Sludge generated from these technologies must be further treated in a dedicated Sludge treatment facility (technologies T.13-T.17) prior to Use and/or Disposal. Options for the Use and/or Disposal of the treated Effluent include [[Irrigation | Irrigation]] (D.6), [[Aquaculture Ponds | Fish Ponds]] (D.9), [[Floating Plant - Macrophyte - Pond | Floating Plant Ponds]] (D.10) or discharge to a water body ([[Water Disposal - Groundwater Recharge | Water Disposal/Groundwater Recharge]], D.11). After adequate treatment, Sludge can either be used in agriculture (D.5) or brought to a Storage/Disposal site (D.12).
Guidelines for the safe use of Urine, Effluent and Sludge have been published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and are referenced on the relevant technology information sheets.
[[Functional Groups|More on the Functional Groups: U, S, C, T, or D]]
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[[Image:urine diversion chart.png|none|1000px|]]
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