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Sludging - Rota sludge

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[[Image:Treadle_pump_icon.png|right]]

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The Rota Sludge is a manual drilling technique based on the [[Sludging - Asian sludge |Asian sludge]] technique, and adapted for harder soil types. To drill through the harder layers, a hardened drill bit and weight have been added. Just after the downward movement of the drill pipes the drill bit is rotated a quarter turn, thus chiselling the bottom of the hole. Water is circulated to bring the cuttings to the surface.

The borehole stays open by water pressure. Thickeners such as clay, bentonite or even cow dung are usually added to the water in order to prevent hole collapse and reduce loss of working water (drill fluid).

~~==History and social context==~~

The Rota-Sludge was developed by the [http://www.practicafoundation.nl/products/drilling-wells/ Practica Foundation].

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==~~Technical specification==~~ ~~====Operation==~~Construction, operations and maintenance==

Cow dung is mixed with water to create a very low cost drilling fluid. It may take several weeks after the drilling is finished for the pathogens (bacteria) to die and disappear completely out of the well.

~~====Maintenance====~~

~~====Manufacturing ====~~

All drilling equipment is locally produced.

==~~Cost~~Costs==

In India, the cost of a well made with Rota-sludge is about US$ 30. In Nicaragua, this varies from US$ 80 to US$ 400.

The cost of introduction varies between US$ 5,000-20,000 per project, including hand-on training, drill set and drilling of test wells.

==~~Country~~ Field experiences==

The Rota Sludge is used in Nicaragua, Tanzania, Madagascar, Ghana, Senegal, Mauritania and Niger.

*[http://www.practicafoundation.nl/wp-content/uploads/PDF/practica-production-rs-versie-1th-september-051.pdf Rota-sludge and stone hammer drilling, Part 2, Production manual]. Produced by [http://www.practicafoundation.nl PRACTICA Foundation] and [http://www.etc-international.org/index.php?id=41 ETC Foundation].

==~~Movies~~Reference manuals, videos, and links==

* [http://nl.youtube.com/watch?v=MvebFHCjCvk Rota sludge drilling in Madagascar, January 2008]

* [http://www.practicafoundation.nl/products/drilling-wells/ www.practicafoundation.nl drilling section]

* General info on manual well drilling [http://www.rwsn.ch/prarticle.2005-10-25.9856177177/prarticle.2005-10-26.7220595116/prarticle.2005-11-15.6127855822 Rural Water Supply Network]

== Acknowledgements==

* The basis for the material on this page was obtained from a desk study shortly to be published on the website of the [http://www.practicafoundation.nl/ Practica Foundation], and from the [http://www.rwsn.ch/ Rural Water Supply Network], and specifically its [http://www.rwsn.ch/prarticle.2005-10-25.9856177177/prarticle.2005-10-26.7220595116/prarticle.2005-11-15.6127855822 manual drilling section].

~~==External Links==~~

* [http://www.practicafoundation.nl/products/drilling-wells/ www.practicafoundation.nl drilling section]

* General info on manual well drilling [http://www.rwsn.ch/prarticle.2005-10-25.9856177177/prarticle.2005-10-26.7220595116/prarticle.2005-11-15.6127855822 Rural Water Supply Network]

~~==References==~~

Winona

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