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New page: {{stub}} right Driven point and hammering tool __NOTOC__ The driven well consists of a poi...
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[[Image:Treadle_pump_icon.png|right]]
[[Image:Driven point and hammering tool.jpg|thumb|right|150px| Driven point and hammering tool]]
__NOTOC__
The driven well consists of a pointed perforated or slotted pipe or a pipe with a pointed well screen attached which has been driven into an aquifer. The pipe with pointed well screen is driven into place in much the same way a nail is driven into wood. The material is forced aside rather than excavated by this technique. Normally special pipe with thick walls and specially designed couplings are used to resist the driving forces. The pipe is driven into the ground using a hammering tool or a normal hammer.
Driven wells are sometimes used in combination with augers in collapsing sand layers. If augers cannot penetrate further into a collapsing sand layer, and a temporary casing cannot be used (for example, the casing is stuck in a clay layer, a well point and well screen can be driven into the ground using a hammering tool or normal hammer.
==History and social context==
==Suitable conditions ==
The driven well can only achieve a penetration of only 1-2 meters into the water table because of the compacting resistance of the sand. The depth can be increased to about 10 meters using an engine driven power tool. However, the type of formation (of the aquifer, permeable or not permeable) can not be determined at this depth because no soil samples can be taken. This may affect the well yield. It is not possible to install a gravel pack around the well screen.
{{procontable | pro=
- The driven well can be used in combination with augers in collapsing sand layers.
| con=
- The driven well can only achieve penetration of 1-2 meters into the water table
}}
[[Image:Self made point and well screen.jpg|thumb|right|150px| Self made point and well screen]]
[[Image:Point and well screen.jpg|thumb|right|150px| Point and well screen]]
==Technical specification==
====Operation====
Driven wells are sometimes used in combination with augers in collapsing sand layers. If augers cannot penetrate further into a collapsing sand layer, and a temporary casing cannot be used (for example, the casing is stuck in a clay layer, see description above), a well point and well screen can be driven into the ground using a hammering tool or normal hammer.
====Maintenance====
====Manufacturing ====
Well points and well screens can be self or factory made.
==Cost==
==Country experiences==
Driven wells are mainly used in Chad, Cameroon and Madagascar
==Manuals==
* Self-help wells, R.G. Koegel, FAO 1985. Internet manual on hydrogeology, well constructions, all drilling techniques - [http://www.fao.org/docrep/X5567E/x5567e05.htm#4.2%20driven%20wells website].
==Movies==
== Acknowledgements==
* The basis for the material on this page was obtained from a desk study shortly to be published on the website of the [http://www.practicafoundation.nl/ Practica Foundation], and from the [http://www.rwsn.ch/ Rural Water Supply Network], and specifically its [http://www.rwsn.ch/prarticle.2005-10-25.9856177177/prarticle.2005-10-26.7220595116/prarticle.2005-11-15.6127855822 manual drilling section].
==External Links==
* Water for the World, Technical note series rws 2, USAID 1982 - Technical notes on methods of developing of groundwater, manual drilling techniques. [http://www.lifewater.org/resources/ground_water.html Website Livewater International].
* Multi-service procedures for well-drilling operations, field manual chapter 9, US Military Chapter 9 (sec. 9.3), alternative well construction, manual drilling techniques - [http://www.paulsawyers.com/pdfs/FM_5_484.pdf Download].
* Rural Water Supply Network - Useful network and website for information and downloads related to Rural Water Technologies - [http://www.rwsn.ch/prarticle.2005-10-25.9856177177/prarticle.2005-10-26.7220595116/prarticle.2005-11-15.6127855822/prarticle.2009-05-11.3051371225/prarticle.2009-06-24.1497321145/view?searchterm=driven%20wells short information on driven wells]
==References==
{{Joinus}}
[[Image:Treadle_pump_icon.png|right]]
[[Image:Driven point and hammering tool.jpg|thumb|right|150px| Driven point and hammering tool]]
__NOTOC__
The driven well consists of a pointed perforated or slotted pipe or a pipe with a pointed well screen attached which has been driven into an aquifer. The pipe with pointed well screen is driven into place in much the same way a nail is driven into wood. The material is forced aside rather than excavated by this technique. Normally special pipe with thick walls and specially designed couplings are used to resist the driving forces. The pipe is driven into the ground using a hammering tool or a normal hammer.
Driven wells are sometimes used in combination with augers in collapsing sand layers. If augers cannot penetrate further into a collapsing sand layer, and a temporary casing cannot be used (for example, the casing is stuck in a clay layer, a well point and well screen can be driven into the ground using a hammering tool or normal hammer.
==History and social context==
==Suitable conditions ==
The driven well can only achieve a penetration of only 1-2 meters into the water table because of the compacting resistance of the sand. The depth can be increased to about 10 meters using an engine driven power tool. However, the type of formation (of the aquifer, permeable or not permeable) can not be determined at this depth because no soil samples can be taken. This may affect the well yield. It is not possible to install a gravel pack around the well screen.
{{procontable | pro=
- The driven well can be used in combination with augers in collapsing sand layers.
| con=
- The driven well can only achieve penetration of 1-2 meters into the water table
}}
[[Image:Self made point and well screen.jpg|thumb|right|150px| Self made point and well screen]]
[[Image:Point and well screen.jpg|thumb|right|150px| Point and well screen]]
==Technical specification==
====Operation====
Driven wells are sometimes used in combination with augers in collapsing sand layers. If augers cannot penetrate further into a collapsing sand layer, and a temporary casing cannot be used (for example, the casing is stuck in a clay layer, see description above), a well point and well screen can be driven into the ground using a hammering tool or normal hammer.
====Maintenance====
====Manufacturing ====
Well points and well screens can be self or factory made.
==Cost==
==Country experiences==
Driven wells are mainly used in Chad, Cameroon and Madagascar
==Manuals==
* Self-help wells, R.G. Koegel, FAO 1985. Internet manual on hydrogeology, well constructions, all drilling techniques - [http://www.fao.org/docrep/X5567E/x5567e05.htm#4.2%20driven%20wells website].
==Movies==
== Acknowledgements==
* The basis for the material on this page was obtained from a desk study shortly to be published on the website of the [http://www.practicafoundation.nl/ Practica Foundation], and from the [http://www.rwsn.ch/ Rural Water Supply Network], and specifically its [http://www.rwsn.ch/prarticle.2005-10-25.9856177177/prarticle.2005-10-26.7220595116/prarticle.2005-11-15.6127855822 manual drilling section].
==External Links==
* Water for the World, Technical note series rws 2, USAID 1982 - Technical notes on methods of developing of groundwater, manual drilling techniques. [http://www.lifewater.org/resources/ground_water.html Website Livewater International].
* Multi-service procedures for well-drilling operations, field manual chapter 9, US Military Chapter 9 (sec. 9.3), alternative well construction, manual drilling techniques - [http://www.paulsawyers.com/pdfs/FM_5_484.pdf Download].
* Rural Water Supply Network - Useful network and website for information and downloads related to Rural Water Technologies - [http://www.rwsn.ch/prarticle.2005-10-25.9856177177/prarticle.2005-10-26.7220595116/prarticle.2005-11-15.6127855822/prarticle.2009-05-11.3051371225/prarticle.2009-06-24.1497321145/view?searchterm=driven%20wells short information on driven wells]
==References==
{{Joinus}}