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Planted Drying Beds

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Sludge should be applied in layers between 75 to 100mm and should be reapplied every 3 to 7 days depending on the sludge characteristics, the environment and operating constraints. Sludge application rates of up to 250kg/m2/year have been reported. The sludge can be removed after 2 to 3 years (although the degree of hygienization will vary with climate) and used for agriculture.

 

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- Requires large land area. <br> - Odours and flies are normally noticeable. <br> - Long storage times. <br> - Requires expert design and operation. <br> - Labour intensive removal. <br> - Leachate requires secondary treatment.

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==Adequacy==

The drains must be maintained and the effluent must be properly collected and disposed of. The plants should be periodically thinned and/or harvested.

 

==References==

* Elizabeth Tilley et.al (2008). [http==Acknowledgements=={{://www.eawag.ch/organisation/abteilungen/sandec/publikationen/publications_sesp/downloads_sesp/compendium_high.pdf Compendium of Acknowledgements Sanitation Systems and Technologies] ([http://www.eawag.ch/organisation/abteilungen/sandec/publikationen/publications_sesp/downloads_sesp/compendium_low.pdf low res version]). Department of Water and Sanitation in Development Countries ([http://www.sandec.ch/ Sandec]) at the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag). (Provides a full overview of sanitation systems.)}}

==References and external links==

* Crites, R. and Tchobanoglous, G. (1998). Small and Decentralized Wastewater Management Systems. WCB and McGraw-Hill, New York, USA.

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