Changes

Centralized treatment

242 bytes added, 00:31, 18 May 2012

no edit summary

However, implementation of large and centralised drinking water treatments in developing countries is highly unlikely due to investments, civil construction, maintenance of infrastructures and availability of chemicals that are required. As a consequence, people in many developing countries are forced to consume water directly from natural sources or apply household water treatments as chlorination, solar disinfection or boiling, that have low cost but variable effectiveness.

==Costs==

* Centralized water treatment plants cost around $700 per family, making them prohibitively expensive for developing countries to build.

==Acknowledgements==

* J.M. ArnalÃ , B. Garcia-Fayos, G. Verdu, J. Lora. [http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&ved=0CHcQFjAG&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.desline.com%2Farticoli%2F10560.pdf&ei=c5W1T8niOYigiAKU-t33Bg&usg=AFQjCNGmnmVfvj7uDFea7mdbzxWgssH3IA&sig2=gzJRkqbTVhlAT6e8xZUzEA Ultrafiltration as an alternative membrane technology to obtain safe drinking water from surface water: 10 years of experience on the scope of the AQUAPOT project.] Polytechnic University of Valencia, Chemical and Nuclear Engineering Department, Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia, Spain. May 2008.

* [http://www.epa.gov/p3/success/berkeley.html Shedding Light on Clean Drinking Water.] EPA.

Winona

Akvopedia-spade, akvouser, bureaucrat, emailconfirmed, staff, susana-working-group-1, susana-working-group-10, susana-working-group-11, susana-working-group-12, susana-working-group-2, susana-working-group-3, susana-working-group-4, susana-working-group-5, susana-working-group-6, susana-working-group-7, susana-working-group-8, susana-working-group-9, susana-working-group-susana-member, administrator, widget editor

30,949

edits